Cell division and organisation (OCR)
Mitosis - ANSWER-Eukaryotic cell division to produce two genetically identical
daughter cells (for growth and repair & asexual reproduction)
Interphase - ANSWER-Phase of the cell cycle before mitosis where DNA and
organelles replicate. Consists of gap phase 1 (G1), synthesis (S-phase) and gap
phase 2 (G2)
G1 - ANSWER-Cell grows to normal size and organelles replicate.
S phase - ANSWER-DNA is replicated
G2 - ANSWER-Cell grows and cell division proteins made
G1 Checkpoint - ANSWER-First preparation for next cell division. If conditions
are OK it continues to S-phase, if not the cell cycle stops and cell undergoes
apoptosis.
G2 Checkpoint - ANSWER-Cell checks DNA has been replicated correctly. If OK
it continues to mitosis. If mutations or damage detected the cell cycle is stopped
and DNA is repaired.
Metaphase checkpoint - ANSWER-Cell checks chromosomes have attached to
the spindle. If they have it continues, if not it either fixes it or undergoes
apoptosis.
Prophase - ANSWER-Phase of mitosis where the chromosomes condense,
nuclear envelope breaks down and the centrioles move to the poles of the cell
Metaphase - ANSWER-Phase of mitosis where the chromosomes line up on the
equator of the cell and the spindle fibres form and attach to the centromeres of
the chromosomes
Mitosis - ANSWER-Eukaryotic cell division to produce two genetically identical
daughter cells (for growth and repair & asexual reproduction)
Interphase - ANSWER-Phase of the cell cycle before mitosis where DNA and
organelles replicate. Consists of gap phase 1 (G1), synthesis (S-phase) and gap
phase 2 (G2)
G1 - ANSWER-Cell grows to normal size and organelles replicate.
S phase - ANSWER-DNA is replicated
G2 - ANSWER-Cell grows and cell division proteins made
G1 Checkpoint - ANSWER-First preparation for next cell division. If conditions
are OK it continues to S-phase, if not the cell cycle stops and cell undergoes
apoptosis.
G2 Checkpoint - ANSWER-Cell checks DNA has been replicated correctly. If OK
it continues to mitosis. If mutations or damage detected the cell cycle is stopped
and DNA is repaired.
Metaphase checkpoint - ANSWER-Cell checks chromosomes have attached to
the spindle. If they have it continues, if not it either fixes it or undergoes
apoptosis.
Prophase - ANSWER-Phase of mitosis where the chromosomes condense,
nuclear envelope breaks down and the centrioles move to the poles of the cell
Metaphase - ANSWER-Phase of mitosis where the chromosomes line up on the
equator of the cell and the spindle fibres form and attach to the centromeres of
the chromosomes
