True / False
1. The concept of a single world ocean emphasizes the interdependence of ocean and land, life
and water, atmospheric and oceanic circulation, and natural and human-made environments.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1-1 Earth Is an Ocean World
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-1-1 - Explain the concept of a single world
ocean.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
NOTES: The Pacific and Atlantic oceans, the Mediterranean and Baltic seas,
so named for our convenience, are in reality only temporary features
of a single world ocean. The text refers to the ocean as a single
entity, with subtly different characteristics at different locations but
with very few natural partitions. Such a view emphasizes the
interdependence of ocean and land, life and water, atmospheric and
oceanic circulation, and natural and human-made environments.
2. The total amount of fresh water on Earth makes up only about 2.5% of all the water on the
planet.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1-1 Earth Is an Ocean World
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-1-2 - Describe the characteristics of our single
world ocean on a human and planetary scale.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Remember
NOTES: The relative amount of water in various locations on or near Earth’s
surface includes 97.5% salt water and 2.5% fresh water.
,3. Physical oceanographers design and build oil platforms, ships, harbors, and other structures
that enable us to use the ocean wisely.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: 1-2 Marine Scientists Use the Logic of Science to Study the Ocean
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-2-1 - Discuss the interdisciplinary nature of
marine science, and distinguish among the various areas of research
in the field.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Remember
NOTES: Marine engineers design and build oil platforms, ships, harbors, and
other structures that enable us to use the ocean wisely.
4. Although oceanographers may specialize in one particular area of study, the nature of the
science is interdisciplinary, meaning that marine scientists must have a general knowledge of all
areas of oceanography in order to study the system as a whole.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1-2 Marine Scientists Use the Logic of Science to Study the Ocean
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-2-1 - Discuss the interdisciplinary nature of
marine science, and distinguish among the various areas of research
in the field.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
NOTES: Marine science draws on several disciplines, integrating the fields of
geology, physics, biology, chemistry, and engineering as they apply
to the ocean and its surroundings. Nearly all marine scientists
specialize in one area of research, but they also must be familiar with
related specialties and appreciate the linkages between them.
5. Once established, a theory is always correct and cannot be changed.
, a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: 1-2 Marine Scientists Use the Logic of Science to Study the Ocean
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-2-2 - Outline the process of the scientific
method, and apply it to an example.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
NOTES: Theories and laws in science do not arise fully formed or all at once.
Scientific thought progresses as a continuous chain of questioning,
testing, and matching theories to observations. A theory is
strengthened if new facts support it. If not, the theory is modified or
a new explanation is sought (science is thus “self- correcting”). The
power of science lies in its ability to operate in reverse; that is, in the
use of a theory or law to predict and anticipate new facts to be
observed.
6. The condensation theory explains how the ocean on Earth was formed.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: 1-3 Stars Form Seas
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-3-1 - Describe the processes of galaxy, star, and
planet formation in the universe, and illustrate the life cycle of a star.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Remember
NOTES: The condensation theory explains the different stages of
development of how stars and planets are believed to form.
7. The fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium atoms occurs near the end of a star’s life.
a. True
, b. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: 1-3 Stars Form Seas
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-3-2 - Explain how stars form heavier atoms from
hydrogen.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
NOTES: A protostar is the first stage in the life of a star. Nuclear fusion
begins after the protostar reaches an appropriately high temperature
for hydrogen atoms to begin to fuse to form helium atoms. This
process marks the transition from protostar to star.
8. During the early years of Earth, lighter elements such as silicon, magnesium, and aluminum
rose to the surface, forming Earth’s crust.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1-4 Earth, Ocean, and Atmosphere Accumulated in Layers Sorted by
Density
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-4-1 - Discuss the process of density stratification
and how it contributed to the formation of Earth's young ocean.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
NOTES: Gravity pulled most of the iron and nickel inward to form the
planet’s core. The sinking iron released huge amounts of
gravitational energy, which, through friction, heated Earth even
more. At the same time, a slush of lighter minerals— silicon,
magnesium, aluminum, and oxygen-bonded compounds—rose
toward the surface, forming Earth’s crust. This important process,
called density stratification, lasted perhaps 100 million years.
9. Earth’s moon is thought to have formed soon after the big bang similarly to how Earth formed.
a. True
1. The concept of a single world ocean emphasizes the interdependence of ocean and land, life
and water, atmospheric and oceanic circulation, and natural and human-made environments.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1-1 Earth Is an Ocean World
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-1-1 - Explain the concept of a single world
ocean.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
NOTES: The Pacific and Atlantic oceans, the Mediterranean and Baltic seas,
so named for our convenience, are in reality only temporary features
of a single world ocean. The text refers to the ocean as a single
entity, with subtly different characteristics at different locations but
with very few natural partitions. Such a view emphasizes the
interdependence of ocean and land, life and water, atmospheric and
oceanic circulation, and natural and human-made environments.
2. The total amount of fresh water on Earth makes up only about 2.5% of all the water on the
planet.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1-1 Earth Is an Ocean World
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-1-2 - Describe the characteristics of our single
world ocean on a human and planetary scale.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Remember
NOTES: The relative amount of water in various locations on or near Earth’s
surface includes 97.5% salt water and 2.5% fresh water.
,3. Physical oceanographers design and build oil platforms, ships, harbors, and other structures
that enable us to use the ocean wisely.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: 1-2 Marine Scientists Use the Logic of Science to Study the Ocean
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-2-1 - Discuss the interdisciplinary nature of
marine science, and distinguish among the various areas of research
in the field.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Remember
NOTES: Marine engineers design and build oil platforms, ships, harbors, and
other structures that enable us to use the ocean wisely.
4. Although oceanographers may specialize in one particular area of study, the nature of the
science is interdisciplinary, meaning that marine scientists must have a general knowledge of all
areas of oceanography in order to study the system as a whole.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1-2 Marine Scientists Use the Logic of Science to Study the Ocean
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-2-1 - Discuss the interdisciplinary nature of
marine science, and distinguish among the various areas of research
in the field.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
NOTES: Marine science draws on several disciplines, integrating the fields of
geology, physics, biology, chemistry, and engineering as they apply
to the ocean and its surroundings. Nearly all marine scientists
specialize in one area of research, but they also must be familiar with
related specialties and appreciate the linkages between them.
5. Once established, a theory is always correct and cannot be changed.
, a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: 1-2 Marine Scientists Use the Logic of Science to Study the Ocean
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-2-2 - Outline the process of the scientific
method, and apply it to an example.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
NOTES: Theories and laws in science do not arise fully formed or all at once.
Scientific thought progresses as a continuous chain of questioning,
testing, and matching theories to observations. A theory is
strengthened if new facts support it. If not, the theory is modified or
a new explanation is sought (science is thus “self- correcting”). The
power of science lies in its ability to operate in reverse; that is, in the
use of a theory or law to predict and anticipate new facts to be
observed.
6. The condensation theory explains how the ocean on Earth was formed.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: 1-3 Stars Form Seas
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-3-1 - Describe the processes of galaxy, star, and
planet formation in the universe, and illustrate the life cycle of a star.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Remember
NOTES: The condensation theory explains the different stages of
development of how stars and planets are believed to form.
7. The fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium atoms occurs near the end of a star’s life.
a. True
, b. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: 1-3 Stars Form Seas
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-3-2 - Explain how stars form heavier atoms from
hydrogen.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
NOTES: A protostar is the first stage in the life of a star. Nuclear fusion
begins after the protostar reaches an appropriately high temperature
for hydrogen atoms to begin to fuse to form helium atoms. This
process marks the transition from protostar to star.
8. During the early years of Earth, lighter elements such as silicon, magnesium, and aluminum
rose to the surface, forming Earth’s crust.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 1-4 Earth, Ocean, and Atmosphere Accumulated in Layers Sorted by
Density
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: OCEA.GARR.16.1-4-1 - Discuss the process of density stratification
and how it contributed to the formation of Earth's young ocean.
OTHER: Bloom’s: Understand
NOTES: Gravity pulled most of the iron and nickel inward to form the
planet’s core. The sinking iron released huge amounts of
gravitational energy, which, through friction, heated Earth even
more. At the same time, a slush of lighter minerals— silicon,
magnesium, aluminum, and oxygen-bonded compounds—rose
toward the surface, forming Earth’s crust. This important process,
called density stratification, lasted perhaps 100 million years.
9. Earth’s moon is thought to have formed soon after the big bang similarly to how Earth formed.
a. True
