AP Biology Unit 5 Exam Questions With Correct Answers 100% Verified

AP Biology Unit 5 Exam Questions With Correct Answers 100% Verified. If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable set of traits, which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants? A) Backtrack through her previous experiments to obtain another plant with the same traits. B) Breed this plant with another plant with much weaker traits C) Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one. D) Force the plant to self-pollinate to obtain an identical one. E) Add nitrogen to the soil of the offspring of this plant so the desired traits continue. - answerC) Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one. 5) Which of the following defines a genome? A) representation of a complete set of a cell's polypeptides B) the complete set of an organism's polypeptides C) the complete set of a species' polypeptides D) a karyotype E) the complete set of an organism's genes - answerE) the complete set of an organism's genes Which is the smallest unit containing the entire human genome? A. all of the DNA of one human B. one human somatic cell C. one human chromosome D. the entire human population E. one human gene - answerB If an organism is diploid and a certain gene found in the organism has 18 known alleles (variants), then any given organism of that species can/must have which of the following? A) At most, 2 alleles for that gene B) Up to 18 chromosomes with that gene C) Up to 18 genes for that trait D) A haploid number of 9 chromosomes E) Up to, but not more than, 18 different traits - answerA) At most, 2 alleles for that gene 4) Which of the following is a true statement about sexual vs. asexual reproduction? A) Asexual reproduction, but not sexual reproduction, is characteristic of plants and fungi. B) In sexual reproduction, individuals transmit 50% of their genes to each of their offspring. C) In asexual reproduction, offspring are produced by fertilization without meiosis. D) Sexual reproduction requires that parents be diploid. E) Asexual reproduction produces only haploid offspring. - answerB) In sexual reproduction, individuals transmit 50% of their genes to each of their offspring. 6) At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in the preparation of a karyotype? A) prophase B) metaphase C) anaphase D) telophase E) interphase - answerB) metaphase Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16? A. During the S phase of the cell cycle there will be 32 separate chromosomes. B. The species is diploid with 32 chromosomes per cell. C. A gamete from this species has four chromosomes. D. The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell. E. Each cell has eight homologous pairs. - answerE Eukaryotic sexual life cycles show tremendous variation. Of the following elements, which do all sexual life cycles have in common? I. Alternation of generations II. Meiosis III. Fertilization IV. Gametes V. Spores A. II, IV, and V B. I, II, and IV C. I, IV, and V D. I, II, III, IV, and V E. II, III, and IV - answerE Which of these statements is false? A. At sexual maturity, ovaries and testes produce diploid gametes by meiosis. B. Sexual life cycles differ with respect to the relative timing of meiosis and fertilization. C. In humans, each of the 22 maternal autosomes has a homologous paternal chromosome. D. Single, haploid (n) sets of chromosomes in ovum and sperm unite during fertilization, forming a diploid (2n), single-celled zygote. E. In humans, the 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, determines whether the person is female (XX) or male (XY). - answerA Referring to a plant's sexual life cycle, which of the following terms describes the process that leads directly to the formation of gametes? A. sporophyte meiosis B. gametophyte mitosis C. sporophyte mitosis D. gametophyte meiosis E. alternation of generations - answerB Which of the following is an example of alternation of generations? A. A grandparent and grandchild each have dark hair, but the parent has blond hair. B. A diploid animal produces gametes by meiosis, and the gametes undergo fertilization to produce a diploid zygote. C. A diploid plant (sporophyte) produces, by meiosis, a spore that gives rise to a multicellular, haploid pollen grain (gametophyte). D. A diploid cell divides by mitosis to produce two diploid daughter cells, which then fuse to produce a tetraploid cell. E. A haploid mushroom produces gametes by mitosis, and the gametes undergo fertilization, which is immediately followed by meiosis. - answerC The human X and Y chromosomes A. are called autosomes. B. are almost entirely homologous, despite their different names. C. are about the same size and have approximately the same number of genes. D. are both present in every somatic cell of males and females alike. E. include genes that determine an individual's sex. - answerE Which of these is a karyotype? A. a display of all the cell types in an organism. B. the appearance of an organism. C. a display of a cell's mitotic stages. D. organized images of a cell's chromosomes. E. a natural cellular arrangement of chromosomes in the nucleus. - answerD Mitosis is commonly found in all but one of the following. Select the exception: A. a diploid animal cell