MHA Exam 4 Questions & Answers
2024/2025
a cottage industry
Engaged in by physicians and their assistants, largely students (apprentices) - ANSWERSAt the beginning
of the 20th century, health care in the United States was predominantly:
When the 20th century opened: - ANSWERS-Doctors were mostly solo practitioners
-Hospitals were single, independent entities, mostly non-profit
History of Incremental Change: 1900-2010 - ANSWERSLong-term care for the elderly was largely home-
based
Pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturing was small business
Health care was a minor part of the economy
1847- 19th century - ANSWERSFounding of the American Medical Association (AMA)
Founding of the American Medical Association (AMA) - ANSWERSEstablished standards for preliminary
medical education for the degree of MD
Code of medical ethics
Recommended use of anesthetic agents for surgery and obstetrics
Noted the dangers of secret remedies (snake oil) and patent medicines
Recommended that state governments register births, marriages, and deaths
(snake oil) - ANSWERSoted the dangers of secret remedies (_____) and patent medicines
-Improvements in surgery made during the Civil War (first conflict in which the Army dug toilets
downstream from army's campsite)
,-Application to medicine of advances in bacteriology by scientists such as Louis Pasteur Affected the
physician's ability to control infectious diseases - the leading causes of death at that time -
ANSWERSAdvances that made practice of medicine more successful in treating health problems
Improvements in surgery made during the Civil War - ANSWERSfirst conflict in which the Army dug
toilets downstream from army's campsite)
Application to medicine of advances in bacteriology by scientists such as Louis Pasteur -
ANSWERSAffected the physician's ability to control infectious diseases - the leading causes of death at
that time
Demand for therapeutics fueled by the Civil War - ANSWERSProvided the start for some of the largest
names in the modern pharmaceutical industry: Wyeth, Pfizer, and Squibb
Wyeth, Pfizer, and Squibb - ANSWERSProvided the start for some of the largest names in the modern
pharmaceutical industry:
Founding of the U.S. Nursing Corps - ANSWERS________in 1861 and the idea of professional nursing and
its importance to medical care
Development of the Ambulance Corps during the Civil War - ANSWERSCreated ambulance-to-emergency
room system we know today
Established hierarchy of treatment stations to types of hospital facilities
1899 - ANSWERSFounding of Association of Hospital Superintendents in_____
Became the American Hospital Association (AHA)
Adoption of the Bertillon or International List of Causes of Death in 1900 - ANSWERSPredecessor of the
International Classification of Diseases (ICD)
Brought some standards and criteria in the study of diseases
19th Century developments - ANSWERS-Began to professionalize health care workforce working in
specialized institutions to deliver health care services
, -Health care research sector that advances diagnosis and treatment
-Industry that provides health care supplies and therapeutics
-Began a classification and data-collection system to evaluate health care performance
Medical "tool box" - ANSWERS-Vaccines and antitoxins, which prevented childhood illnesses
-Medicines, such as insulin, which saved and extended life
-Surgery, which could cure dozens of conditions, aided by effective anesthesia and the protection of
aseptic techniques
-Increased
-access - ANSWERSWith medicine's improved ability to cure disease and treat chronic conditions, the
demand for care _________, as did its cost
In response, a major focus of health policy since the early 20th century has been assuring _______to
health care
Providing health care coverage
Building the American health care infrastructure - ANSWERSBoth public and private sectors were
involved in:
1)____
2)____
insufficient to luxurious - ANSWERSAs a result, health care access varied for people in different groups
Ranging from ____ to ____
Effective drug therapies and safer surgery - ANSWERS____ and _____ motivated reformers to extend the
reach of professional medical attention to the entire population for the first time
info - ANSWERSPaying for health care services and therapeutics was a major issue
Only the well-to-do could afford all the benefits of improved medical care
A problem for both patients and providers, since hospitals and physicians needed paying patients to
provide and improve services
2024/2025
a cottage industry
Engaged in by physicians and their assistants, largely students (apprentices) - ANSWERSAt the beginning
of the 20th century, health care in the United States was predominantly:
When the 20th century opened: - ANSWERS-Doctors were mostly solo practitioners
-Hospitals were single, independent entities, mostly non-profit
History of Incremental Change: 1900-2010 - ANSWERSLong-term care for the elderly was largely home-
based
Pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturing was small business
Health care was a minor part of the economy
1847- 19th century - ANSWERSFounding of the American Medical Association (AMA)
Founding of the American Medical Association (AMA) - ANSWERSEstablished standards for preliminary
medical education for the degree of MD
Code of medical ethics
Recommended use of anesthetic agents for surgery and obstetrics
Noted the dangers of secret remedies (snake oil) and patent medicines
Recommended that state governments register births, marriages, and deaths
(snake oil) - ANSWERSoted the dangers of secret remedies (_____) and patent medicines
-Improvements in surgery made during the Civil War (first conflict in which the Army dug toilets
downstream from army's campsite)
,-Application to medicine of advances in bacteriology by scientists such as Louis Pasteur Affected the
physician's ability to control infectious diseases - the leading causes of death at that time -
ANSWERSAdvances that made practice of medicine more successful in treating health problems
Improvements in surgery made during the Civil War - ANSWERSfirst conflict in which the Army dug
toilets downstream from army's campsite)
Application to medicine of advances in bacteriology by scientists such as Louis Pasteur -
ANSWERSAffected the physician's ability to control infectious diseases - the leading causes of death at
that time
Demand for therapeutics fueled by the Civil War - ANSWERSProvided the start for some of the largest
names in the modern pharmaceutical industry: Wyeth, Pfizer, and Squibb
Wyeth, Pfizer, and Squibb - ANSWERSProvided the start for some of the largest names in the modern
pharmaceutical industry:
Founding of the U.S. Nursing Corps - ANSWERS________in 1861 and the idea of professional nursing and
its importance to medical care
Development of the Ambulance Corps during the Civil War - ANSWERSCreated ambulance-to-emergency
room system we know today
Established hierarchy of treatment stations to types of hospital facilities
1899 - ANSWERSFounding of Association of Hospital Superintendents in_____
Became the American Hospital Association (AHA)
Adoption of the Bertillon or International List of Causes of Death in 1900 - ANSWERSPredecessor of the
International Classification of Diseases (ICD)
Brought some standards and criteria in the study of diseases
19th Century developments - ANSWERS-Began to professionalize health care workforce working in
specialized institutions to deliver health care services
, -Health care research sector that advances diagnosis and treatment
-Industry that provides health care supplies and therapeutics
-Began a classification and data-collection system to evaluate health care performance
Medical "tool box" - ANSWERS-Vaccines and antitoxins, which prevented childhood illnesses
-Medicines, such as insulin, which saved and extended life
-Surgery, which could cure dozens of conditions, aided by effective anesthesia and the protection of
aseptic techniques
-Increased
-access - ANSWERSWith medicine's improved ability to cure disease and treat chronic conditions, the
demand for care _________, as did its cost
In response, a major focus of health policy since the early 20th century has been assuring _______to
health care
Providing health care coverage
Building the American health care infrastructure - ANSWERSBoth public and private sectors were
involved in:
1)____
2)____
insufficient to luxurious - ANSWERSAs a result, health care access varied for people in different groups
Ranging from ____ to ____
Effective drug therapies and safer surgery - ANSWERS____ and _____ motivated reformers to extend the
reach of professional medical attention to the entire population for the first time
info - ANSWERSPaying for health care services and therapeutics was a major issue
Only the well-to-do could afford all the benefits of improved medical care
A problem for both patients and providers, since hospitals and physicians needed paying patients to
provide and improve services
