Behaviour Modification Applications Exam Questions & Answers 100% Correct!!

Define stimulus generalization and give an example that is not in this chapter. - ANSWERThe procedure of reinforcing a response in the presence of a stimulus or situation, and the effect of the response becoming more probable in the presence of another stimulus or situation. An example would be reinforcing a child for saying please at home and then the child says please when at another home. Explain the difference between stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination. Describe examples illustrating the difference. - ANSWERWith stimulus generalization a response occurs to a set of stimulus that are similar either by physical characteristics or functionally equivalent whereas stimulus discrimination refers to a response only in the presence of a specific stimulus and not in the presence of a different stimulus. An example of stimulus generalization would be a child who is reinforced for sharing crayons in class and later shares her crayons at home. An example of stimulus discrimination would be a classroom where students are reinforced for reading at their desks when a sign says to read but not when the sign says listen to the teacher. What is a primary distinction between stimulus generalization involving a common-element stimulus class and stimulus generalization involving an equivalence class? - ANSWERCommon-element stimulus class have some physical characteristic in common, whereas equivalence class stimulus do not, they are learned groupings. Define or describe unlearned response generalization due to physical similarity of responses, and give an example. - ANSWERThe more physically similar two responses are, the more unlearned response generalization will occur between them. An example is being able to backhand in racquetball and then being able to generalize that to tennis. Briefly list four tactics for programming operant stimulus generalization. Give an example of each. - ANSWER1) Train in the target situation - For example, to train a child to make correct change it would be beneficial to train at the store 2) Vary the training conditions - An example would be in teaching stranger safety to not control external stimuli such as traffic and playground noise 3) Program common stimuli - An example would be teaching a rule that can be used in a training situation and then used in the target situation, such as verbal self-talk used in practice and then in competition. 4) Train sufficient stimulus exemplars - For instance, training on a variety of different vending machines so that, once learned, the learner can subsequently operate any available vending machine. Describe the generalization strategy referred to as general case programming. De