Kidapawan Doctor’s College Inc.
Bachelor of Science in Radiologic Technology
Radiologic Pathology Reviewer
Chapter 1 Imtroduction
Pathology - Study of the disease that can cause abnormalities in the structure of function
of various organ system.
PATHOGENESIS- refers to the sequence of events producing cellular changes that
ultimately lead to observable changes known as manifestations.
• SYMTOMS- refers to the patient’s perception of the disease. It is subjective.
• SIGN- is an objective manifestation that is detected by the physician during
examination.
SYNDROME- a group of signs and symptoms that characterizes a specific abnormal
disturbance
• Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
• Respiratory Distress syndrome (common disorder in premature infant)
IATROGENIC- reactions are adverse responses to medical treatment itself
-Pneumothorax
-Thoracentesis
SOURCES OF PATHOLOGY
• Hereditary or congenital
• Tumors
• Abnormal mass in tissue
• Benign/malignant
• Iatrogenic
• Infection
,Disease - any abnormal disturbance of the function or structure of the human body as a
result of some type of injury.
Types:
• Hereditary
• Traumatic
• Infectious
• Vascular
• Metabolic
Etiology - study of the cause of a disease.
Common Agents
• Bacteria
• Trauma
• Heat
• Chemical agents
• Poor Nutrition
Proper Infection Control Practices:
• Necessary to prevent hospital acquired nosocomial diseases
nosocomial Diseases
Nosocomial Diseases
• One acquired from the environment(hospital)
• Staphylococcal infection
• Hip Replacement surgery
MORPHOLOGY
• The study of structure of cells or tissue
• Pathologic conditions may cause morphologic changes
, DISEASE PROCESS
Destructive, Lytic or Subtractive
• Decreasing the normal density of tissue
• Decrease exposure technique
Additive, Constructive or Sclerotic
• Increasing the normal density of tissue
• Increase exposure technique
• ASYMTOMATIC- do not produce symptoms
• IDIOPATHIC- Unknown cause of disease or condition
• ACUTE- diseases that last on short period of time
• CHRONIC- diseases may manifest more slowly and last for a very long time
• SEQUELA- condition which is the consequence of a previous disease or injury
• DIAGNOSIS- the identification of a disease an individual is believed to have
• PROGNOSIS- the predicted course and outcome of the disease
• EPIDEMIOLOGY- is the investigation of disease in large groups. (caused by:
Environmental, Social, Biologic)
• PREVALENCE- refers to the number of cases found in a given population
• INCEDENCE- refers to the number of new cases found in a given period.
Bachelor of Science in Radiologic Technology
Radiologic Pathology Reviewer
Chapter 1 Imtroduction
Pathology - Study of the disease that can cause abnormalities in the structure of function
of various organ system.
PATHOGENESIS- refers to the sequence of events producing cellular changes that
ultimately lead to observable changes known as manifestations.
• SYMTOMS- refers to the patient’s perception of the disease. It is subjective.
• SIGN- is an objective manifestation that is detected by the physician during
examination.
SYNDROME- a group of signs and symptoms that characterizes a specific abnormal
disturbance
• Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
• Respiratory Distress syndrome (common disorder in premature infant)
IATROGENIC- reactions are adverse responses to medical treatment itself
-Pneumothorax
-Thoracentesis
SOURCES OF PATHOLOGY
• Hereditary or congenital
• Tumors
• Abnormal mass in tissue
• Benign/malignant
• Iatrogenic
• Infection
,Disease - any abnormal disturbance of the function or structure of the human body as a
result of some type of injury.
Types:
• Hereditary
• Traumatic
• Infectious
• Vascular
• Metabolic
Etiology - study of the cause of a disease.
Common Agents
• Bacteria
• Trauma
• Heat
• Chemical agents
• Poor Nutrition
Proper Infection Control Practices:
• Necessary to prevent hospital acquired nosocomial diseases
nosocomial Diseases
Nosocomial Diseases
• One acquired from the environment(hospital)
• Staphylococcal infection
• Hip Replacement surgery
MORPHOLOGY
• The study of structure of cells or tissue
• Pathologic conditions may cause morphologic changes
, DISEASE PROCESS
Destructive, Lytic or Subtractive
• Decreasing the normal density of tissue
• Decrease exposure technique
Additive, Constructive or Sclerotic
• Increasing the normal density of tissue
• Increase exposure technique
• ASYMTOMATIC- do not produce symptoms
• IDIOPATHIC- Unknown cause of disease or condition
• ACUTE- diseases that last on short period of time
• CHRONIC- diseases may manifest more slowly and last for a very long time
• SEQUELA- condition which is the consequence of a previous disease or injury
• DIAGNOSIS- the identification of a disease an individual is believed to have
• PROGNOSIS- the predicted course and outcome of the disease
• EPIDEMIOLOGY- is the investigation of disease in large groups. (caused by:
Environmental, Social, Biologic)
• PREVALENCE- refers to the number of cases found in a given population
• INCEDENCE- refers to the number of new cases found in a given period.
