Microbiology II (TWO) Exam, complete with answers

Microbiology II (TWO) Exam, complete with answers 5 Major Bacteria Phyla - Correct Answer -Gram positives -Gram negatives -Spirochetes -Chlamydias -Cyanobacteria Characteristics of Firmicutes - Correct Answer -Gram Positive -ability to form endospores -thick cell wall offers protection from phagocytosis, but also a point of attack for antibiotics Characteristics of Actinobacteria - Correct Answer -Gram positive -Acid fast (mycolic acid surrounds cells) -filamentous growth to aid spread Characteristics of Proteobacteria - Correct Answer -Gram negative -most virulent group -lipopolysaccharides and outer membrane protect from many antibiotics Characteristics of Spirochetes - Correct Answer -spiral structure enables mobility -using lipopolysaccharides they can disguise themselves Characteristics of Chlamydias - Correct Answer causative agent of chlamydia and behaves a lot like a virus (lyses cells) Characteristics of Cyanobacteria - Correct Answer - photosynthetic -released oxygen into the earths oceans and atmosphere Bacillus subtilis - Correct Answer -Firmicute -gram positive -produces spores Clostridium botulinum - Correct Answer -Firmicute -gram positive -causes botulism -toxin produced can be used to induce flaccid paralysis Lactococcus and Lactobacillus species - Correct Answer -Firmicute -gram positive -ferments dairy to produce cheese and yogurt Listeria spp - Correct Answer -Firmicute -gram positive -causing gastroenteritis -can cause miscarriages in pregnant women Staphylococci and streptococci - Correct Answer -Firmicute -gram positive -common flora but opportunistic pathogens -exhibit hemolysis on blood agar plates