Pearson Biology mid-term Exam Summary Questions with Complete Solutions 2024/2025

Scientific method - Ans1. identify the problem 2. state your hypothesis 3. test your hypothesis 4. organize and analyze your data 5. form a conclusion spontaneous generation - Ansthe theory that living things can come from nonliving things 5 characteristics of living things - Ans1. all living things are made up of cells 2. all living things collect energy and use it 3. all living things respond or react to their surrounding environment 4. all living things grow and develop 5. all living things are able to reproduce compound light microscope - Ansuses light and more than one lens to look at living cells (1500) scanning electron microscope - Anssweeps a beam of electrons over the surface of the specimen causing electrons to be emitted from the specimen (20000) transmission electron microscope - Ansaims a beam of electrons through a specimen hypothesis - Ansattempts to answer questions by putting forth a plausible explanation that has yet to be vigorously tested theory - Anshas already undergone extensive testing by various scientists and is generally accepted as being accurate primary producers - Ansorganisms producing their own food through the process of photosynthesis decomposers - Ansorganisms that break down dead or decaying organisms, and in doing so they carry out the natural process of decomposition biotic - Ansliving factors of an ecosystem abiotic - Ansnonliving factors of an ecosystem carnivore - Ansliving things that eat meat herbivore - Ansliving things that eat plants omnivores - Ansan animal or person that eats both plants and animals atoms - Ansthe basic unit of matter protons - Anspositive charged ions, found in nucleus neutrons - Ansneutral/ no charged ions, found in nucleus electrons - Ansnegative charged ions, found outside the nucleus covalent bond - Ansa chemical bond that involves the sharing of valence electron pairs between atoms. These electrons pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs, and the stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms, when they share electrons, is known as covalent bonding. Strongest bond, hard to break, takes more than energy to break, held together by sharing of electrons ionic bond - Ansthe complete transfer of valence electrons between atoms. it is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions, and is held together by positive and negative attractions hydrogen bond - Answeakest bonds. between a hydrogen of one molecule and the oxygen of another cohesion - Answater molecules sticking to other water molecule