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Samenvatting NOVA Scheikunde 4 VWO Hoofdstuk 2 Bindingstypen

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Samenvatting NOVA Scheikunde Hoofdstuk 2 4 VWO Bindingstypen

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Uploaded on
July 8, 2019
Number of pages
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Written in
2018/2019
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Hoofdstuk2 Bindingstypen

Bindingstypen:

➢ Metaalbinding atoomrooster (metalen)
➢ Atoombinding Covalente binding tussen 2 atomen
➢ Ion binding geladen atomen (zouten)
➢ Vanderwaalsbindingen tussen moleculen




2.1 Metaaleigenschappen

Valentie elektronen: elektronen in de buitenste elektronenschil

Atoomrest: de rest van het atoom, dus de kern en de elektronen die niet in de buitenste schil zitten.
De atoomrest is positief geladen



Metalen staan aan de linkerkant van het Periodiek Systeem, ze hebben maar een paar valentie
elektronen.

De atoomresten zijn gerangschikt in een metaalrooster, de valentie-elektronen
bewegen daar vrij doorheen.



Dit geeft specifieke eigenschappen aan metalen (macroniveau), zoals:

- Electrische geleidbaarheid: door vrij bewegende valentie-elektronen
loopt er gemakkelijk stroom.
- Thermische geleidbaarheid: de vrij bewegende elektronen voeren snel
warmte af van een warme plek naar een koudere plek in het metaal.
- Sterke metaalbinding tussen valentie-elektronen en positieve
atoomresten hard en sterk materiaal en hoog smeltpunt.
- Metalen zijn vervormbaar: metaalatomen kunnen binnen een rooster gemakkelijk over
elkaar verschoven worden, daarna ontstaat weer een vergelijkbare opbouw.




Corrosie: aantasting van metalen door stoffen uit de lucht (water, zuurstof). Vb Roest bij ijzer.

Edelheid van metalen: wordt bepaald door gevoeligheid voor corrosie.

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