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COMPUTER SECURITY PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE Fourth Edition by William Stallings & Lawrie Brown

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2.1 Suppose someone suggests the following way to confirm that the two of you are both in possession of the same secret key. You create a random bit string the length of the key, XOR it with the key, and send the result over the channel. Your partner XORs the incoming block with the key (which should be the same as your key) and sends it back. You check, and if what you receive is your original random string, you have verified that your partner has the same secret key, yet neither of you has ever transmitted the key. Is there a flaw in this scheme? 2.2 This problem uses a real-world example of a symmetric cipher, from an old U.S. Special Forces manual (public domain). The document, filename Special F, is available at a. Using the two keys (memory words) cryptographic and network security, encrypt the following message: Be at the third pillar from the left outside the lyceum theatre tonight at seven. If you are distrustful bring two friends. Make reasonable assumptions about how to treat redundant letters and excess letters in the memory words and how to treat spaces and punctuation. Indicate what your assumptions are. Note: The message is from the Sherlock Holmes novel The Sign of Four. b. Decrypt the ciphertext. Show your work. c. Comment on when it would be appropriate to use this technique and what itsadvantages are. 2.3 Consider a very simple symmetric block encryption algorithm, in which 64-bits blocks of plaintext are encrypted using a 128-bit key. Encryption is defined as C=(P K0) K1 where C=ciphertext; K=secret key; K0=leftmost 64 bits of K; K1=rightmost 64 bits of K, =bitwise exclusive or; and is addition mod 264. a. Show the decryption equation. That is, show the equation for P as a function of C, K1 and K2. b. Suppose an adversary has access to two sets of plaintexts and their correspondingciphertexts and wishes to determine K. We have the two equations: C=(P K0) K1; C′=(P′ K0) K1 First, derive an equation in one unknown (e.g., K0). Is it possible to proceed further to solve for K0? 2.4 Perhaps the simplest “serious” symmetric block encryption algorithm is the Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA). TEA operates on 64-bit blocks of plaintext using a 128-bit key. The plaintext is divided into two 32-bit blocks (L0, R0), and the key is divided into four 32bit blocks (K0, K1, K2, K3). Encryption involves repeated application of a pair of rounds, defined as follows for rounds i and i+1: Li=Ri−1Ri=Li−1 F(Ri−1, K0, K1, δi)Li+1=RiRi+1=Li F(Ri, K2, K3, δi+1) where F is defined as F(M, Kj, Kk, δi)=((M 4) Kj) ((M 5) Kk) (M+δi)

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, COMPUTER SECURITY PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE
Fourth Edition

William Stallings
Lawrie Brown
UNSW Canberra at the Australian Defence Force Academy




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Copyright © 2018, 2015, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc., Pearson Education, Inc.,
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Stallings, William, author. | Brown, Lawrie, author.

Title: Computer security : principles and practice / William Stallings, Lawrie Brown, UNSW
Canberra at the Australian Defence Force Academy.

Description: Fourth edition. | Upper Saddle River, New Jersey : Pearson Education, Inc., [20
Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2017025135| ISBN 9780134794105 | ISBN 0134794109

Subjects: LCSH: Computer security. | Computer networks--Security measures.

Classification: LCC QA76.9.A25 S685 2017 | DDC 005.8--dc23 LC record available at
https://lccn.loc.gov/2017025135

1 17




ISBN-10: 0-13-479410-9

ISBN-13: 978-0-13-479410-5


CONTENTS
Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Dedication

ONLINE CHAPTERS AND APPENDICES

Preface xii

Notation xxi

About the Authors xxii
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William Stallings, Lawrie Brown Computer Security
Publisher: 2018 ISBN: 9780134794105 Edition: Unknown

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