CPSC 355 Exam Review questions and answers, 100% Accurate, graded A+/

CPSC 355 Exam Review questions and answers, 100% Accurate, graded A+/ A basic computer system consists of - -Central Processing Unit, system clock, primary memory (RAM), secondary memory (SSD or HDD), input and output devices. and the bus Draw a diagram of a computer system - -CPU ------Clock Bus Ram HDD keyboard monitor What is the role of the CPU and what does it consist of - -Executes instructions and controls the transfer of data across the bus. Consists of the control unit, arithmetic logic unit and registers. A CPU may hold addresses, data, instructions and status info. What is the role of the control unit - -Loads an opcode from primary memory into the Instruction Register What is the role of the ALU - -Performs arithmetic and logical operations on data stored in registers What are the roles of registers - -Binary storage units within the CPU What is the role of a system clock - -Generates a clock signal to synchronize the CPU and other clocked devices. (Square wave at a particular frequency) Primary memory - -RAM. Can be written to and read from. It is volatile and is used to store program instructions and program data. What is the bus - -A set of parallel data/signal lines and is used to transfer info between computer components. How is the bus subdivided - -Address bus: specifies a memory location in RAM Data bus: used for bidirectional data transfer Control bus: used to control or monitor devices connected to the bus Secondary memory - -Used to hold a computer's file system. Is non-volatile. Stored on an HDD or SSD Basic CPU Architectures: Accumulator Machines - -Draw a diagram Basic CPU Architectures: load/store machines - -Draw a diagram RISC - -Uses simple instructions that can be executed in one machine cycle. Larger programs CISC - -May have instructions that take many cycles to execute What are pseudo-ops or assembler directives - -Give the assembler extra needed info What are assemblers - -Translate assembly source code into machine code. Macros - -Allow you to define a register with a name. When compiling invoke m4, to redirect output to a file ending in .s ARMv8-A architecture - -Is a RISC Is a load/store machine Uses a von Neumann architecture for