AQA A Level Psychology - Key Studies Exam Questions and Answers (GRADED A

Aim for Meltzoff + Moore (Attachment) - ANSWER -To test for interactional synchrony Participants for Meltzoff + Moore (Attachment) - ANSWER -Babies Procedure for Meltzoff + Moore (Attachment) - ANSWER -- Adult model displayed one of three facial expressions/hand movements - At first, a dummy was placed in baby's mouth to prevent response - Then the dummy was removed + the display was repeated - Baby's response was filmed Findings for Meltzoff + Moore (Attachment) - ANSWER -There was strong association between baby's + adults behaviour Aim for Schaffer + Emerson (Attachment) - ANSWER -To conduct a study on the development of attachment Participants for Schaffer + Emerson (Attachment) - ANSWER -60 infants aged 5-23 months (at the start of the study) from working class families in Glasgow Procedure for Schaffer + Emerson (Attachment) - ANSWER -- Data was supplied by mothers every four weeks, particularly on separation + stranger anxiety - Babies were studied until 1 year old - Findings were used to construct a stage model of the development of attachment Findings for Schaffer + Emerson (Attachment) - ANSWER -Four distinct stages of attachment 1 - Indiscriminate Attachment - Up to 3 months old - Baby is not predisposed to a particular caregiver - Baby responds equally to all caregivers 2 - Beginnings of Attachment - Around 4 months old - Baby can distinguish between primary + secondary caregivers but will accept care from anyone - Baby does not display stranger anxiety - General sociability (enjoyment of being with people) 3 - Discriminate Attachment - Approx. 6-7 months old - Baby looks to particular people for security, comfort + protection - Baby shows stranger anxiety + separation anxiety (showing an attachment has formed) 4 - Multiple Attachments - Between 8-12 months - Baby becomes increasingly independent + forms several attachments (eg. with siblings + grandparents) - Separation anxiety also occurs with secondary attachment figures - Higher stranger anxiety