NTR 222- Exam 2 UAB Questions And Answers With Verified Tests 100% Correct Answers

Lipids - Answer-insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents such as ether, acetone, and chloroform What are the different types of lipids (fats)? - Answer-1) fatty acids 2) triglycerides 3) phospholipids 4) sterols What two kids of lipids contain fatty acids that affect its function? - Answer-triglycerides and phospholipids List the 3 elements that make up lipids: - Answer-1) Carbon 2) Hydrogen 3) Oxygen Fatty acid - Answer-a chain of carbons linked together with one end containing COOH (carboxyl group) and the other side ending with one Carbon with 3 Hydrogens attached (methyl group) How is Cholesterol and fat digested within the body? - Answer-Cholesterol provides the bile acid needed to digest the food. Chylomicrons (lipoproteins) has something to do with it, just know its associated with this process. too much LDL builds up plague which narrows the arteries. HDL comes along and picks up excess cholesterol and carries it to the liver. What are fat substitutes? - Answer-They replace the triglycerides in vegetable oils- it can be fat, carbohydrate, or protein based. Protein based drawback: - Answer-potential protein breakdown due to high temperature Atherosclerosis - Answer-characterized by a build up of fatty deposits and streaks in arteries.Ischemia - Answer-The streaks in the arteries due to suffering from atherosclerosis, can reduce or eventually cut off blow flow to the heart Congestive Heart Failure - Answer-heart muscle weakens--> results in edema in lower extremities in the body Myocardial Infarction - Answer-Heart attack Coronary Heart Disease - Answer-Where the blood vessels in the heart clog up Peripheral Vascular Disease - Answer-the small vessels in the arms, hands, feet, and legs get clogged up What are the two types of stroke? - Answer-1) hemorrhagic 2) ischemic What is the Framingham Heart Observational Study about? - Answer-followed participants over years (30-62) to see who died of heart disease (every 2 years, exams would be held. What are the main risk factors for heart disease? - Answer-1) age 2) gender 3) family history Metabolic Syndrome - Answer-A cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Criteria for metabolic syndrome - Answer-includes high blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol levels. The syndrome increases a person's risk for heart disease and stroke. Risk factors for metabolic syndrome - Answer-insulin resistance and being overweightDASH study - Answer-the results were a cause and effect because the participants were randomized to the study or control group. An example of a incomplete protein: - Answer-peanut butter