FTCE Biology 6-12 Exam Practice Questions and Answers 100% Pass

FTCE Biology 6-12 Exam Practice Questions and Answers 100% Pass What domains are prokaryotes? (2) - Correct Answer ️️ -Bacteria and Archaea What do prokaryotes lack? - Correct Answer ️️ -nucleus and membrane bound organelles What has cell walls? - Correct Answer ️️ -Most prokaryotes: bacteria & archaea some eukaryotes: some fungi, algae, plants What are bacterial cell walls composed of? - Correct Answer ️️ -peptidoglycan What are archaea cell walls composed of? - Correct Answer ️️ -pseudopeptidoglycan What do fungi cell walls contain? - Correct Answer ️️ -chitin What do diatom (yellow algae) cell walls contain? - Correct Answer ️️ -Silica Plant cell walls contain? - Correct Answer ️️ -cellulose Woody plants are further strengthened by? - Correct Answer ️️ -lignin Some algae also contain? (cell walls) - Correct Answer ️️ -lignin How is DNA arranged in prokaryotes? - Correct Answer ️️ -Circular structure DNA in prokaryotic cells are located in a region called? - Correct Answer ️️ -nucleoid- center of cell Tiny ring of DNA found in some prokaryotes - Correct Answer ️️ -plasmids Where is DNA located in eukaryotes? - Correct Answer ️️ -nucleus (membrane bound) Eukaryote cells have linear ________ and ________ proteins. - Correct Answer ️️ - chromosomes, histone Eukaryotes reproduce by - Correct Answer ️️ -mitosis Describe difference in vacuoles of plant and animal cells - Correct Answer ️️ -Plants contain one or two extremely large vacuoles and animal cells have several small vacuoles. What do plant cells have that animal cells don't? - Correct Answer ️️ -cell wall and chloroplasts What do chloroplasts do? - Correct Answer ️️ -This is where photosynthesis occurs, which makes food for the plant. They contain chlorophyll - a green pigment - which absorbs light needed for photosynthesis What is the difference in shape between plant and animal cells? - Correct Answer ️️ - Plants are rectangular in shape (cell wall), animals are more circular. What do animal cells have that plant cells don't? - Correct Answer ️️ -centrioles - only some plant cells Animal cell - Correct Answer ️️ - Plant cell - Correct Answer ️️ - Cell membrane - Correct Answer ️️ - What is the cell membrane? - Correct Answer ️️ -The semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. What is the cell membrane composed of? - Correct Answer ️️ -phospholipid bilayer - lipids & proteins What is the function of the cell membrane? - Correct Answer ️️ -Isolates the cell from its external environment while still enabling the cell to communicate with outside environment. What is the purpose of cholesterol in the cell membrane? - Correct Answer ️️ -To add stiffness and flexibility. Define hydrophilic and hydrophobic - Correct Answer ️️ -Hydrophilic- water loving (face external environment) Hydrophobic- water fearing (face each other) Glycolipids - Correct Answer ️️ -A lipid with one or more covalently attached carbohydrates - help cell recognize other cells Glycoprotein - Correct Answer ️️ -A protein with one or more carbohydrates covalently attached to it. Components of the nucleus - Correct Answer ️️ -Nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, chromatin, and nucleolus Nuclear envelope - Correct Answer ️️ -A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus in the cell. Connected to endoplasmic reticulum. The nucleus communicates with rest of the cell through? - Correct Answer ️️ -Nuc