BIO 102 Final Exam Latest Questions With Passed Solutions!!

Science - Collection of facts and a process for understanding the world Pseudoscience - Individuals make scientific-sounding claims that are not supported by trustworthy,methodical scientific studies Biology - Scientific study of life What can science NOT answer - The existence of God, understanding of beauty Hypothesis - Proposed explanation for observed phenomena Theory - Hypothesis for natural phenomena that is exceptionally well supported by data Control - The attempt to minimize any differences between a control group and an experimental group other than the independent variable Double blind study - Neither the experimental subjects nor the experimenter knows which treatment the subject is receiving Atom - Smallest unit of matter, contains nucleus and negatively charged electrons Molecule - Product of atom bonding, groups of atoms held together by bonds, bonds are broken, releasing the energy that was used to create them Hydrogen bonding - Bonding among water molecules that gives water several important propertiesProperties of water - Cohesion, large heat capacity, low density as a solid and a good solvent Carbs - Macro-molecules that function as fuel Sugars - Most efficient source f energy storage and insulation, type of lipid Monosaccharides - Simplest carbohydrates, 3-7 carbon atoms Fats - Long term energy storage and insulation, type of lipid Proteins - Chief building blocks of all life. Proteins make up.. - Skin, feathers, horns, bones, muscles Protein do.. - Control levels of sugar and other chemicals in your bloodstream Stop you from bleeding to death Carry oxygen from place in your body to another Enzymes - Type of protein that initiate and assist all chemical reactions that occur Nucleic acids - Store information on how to build and run the body, made of nucleotides DNA and RNA play central roles in - Directing the production of proteins Why do we crave fats/sugars - More energy in smaller amounts Eukaryotic cells - Nucleus, showed up 1.5 billion years after prokaryotes, every organism that we see is a eukaryote, organellesProtista - Group of eukaryotes that are single celled and only visible with a microscope Prokaryotes - Single celled, invisible to the naked eye, no nucleus or organelles, plasma membrane Plants, fungi, and animals are all - Eukaryotes Bacteria and archaea are - Prokaryotes Cytoplasm - Jelly like fluid that fills the inside of a cell Ribosomes - Granular bodies where proteins are made, scattered through out the cytoplasm Flagellum - long, thin, whip like projections that rotates like a propeller and moves the cell through the medium in which it lives, prokaryotes Bacteria: Domain - Members of this domain are unicellular and prokaryotic, do not cause disease they produce antibiotics and food, our bodies are covered with bacteria Eukarya: Domain - Eukaryotic cells, membranes, no peptidoglycan Eukarya kingdoms - Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista Archaea: Domain - Do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls, are extremophiles, closely related to eukaryotes, live in extreme environments Nucleus - Cell's genetic control centerNuclear membrane - A highly-porous membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm Nucleolus - The organelle where ribosomes are made, synthesized and partially assembled, located in the nucleus Diffusion - process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated