AP Computer Science Principles Exam Prep Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions

Innovation - a novel or improved idea, device, product, etc. or the development thereof Prototype - A preliminary sketch of an idea or model for something new. It's the original drawing from which something real might be built or created. Bit - A contraction of "Binary Digits". A bit is the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as 0 or 1. Binary - A way of representing information using only two options. Bandwidth - maximum transmission capacity of the device expressed typically in metric multiples of bits per second Bit Rate - The numbers of Bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. EX: 8bits/per second. Latency - the amount of time it takes for a bit to travel from sender to receiver Protocol - A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices. American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) - The universally recognized raw text format that any computer can understand. Code - To write instructions for a computer. Requests for Comments (RFC) - Documents are how standards and protocols are defined and published for all to see on the IETF website.Internet - a tangible physical system that is made to move information IP Address - A number assigned to any item that is connected to the internet. Packets - small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information for the purpose of transmitting through a network Router - A computer which receives messages travelling across a network and redirects them towards their intended destinations based on the addressing information included with the messages. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - Provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and is usually seen as TCP/IP in writing. Domain named system (DNS) - The internet's system for converting alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - Is the protocol used by the world wide web. It describes how messages are formatted and interchanged, and how web servers respond to commands. Abstractions - Reducing information and detail to focus on essential characteristics. Server - A computer that awaits and responds to requests for data. Client - A computer that requests data stored on a computer. HTTPS - a protocol for secure communication over a computer network which is widely used on the Internet. Digital Certificate - an electronic document used to prove ownership of a public key.DDoS - pertaining to or being an incident in which a network of computers floods an online resource with high levels of unwanted traffic so that it is inaccessible to legitimate service requests HTTP Request - When you type a URL in your browser, your computer (the client) needs to "ask" the server that is storing the data and images for the web page to return its contents so your browser can display it. HTTP Response - When a server receives an HTTP request it will respond with a message of its own. Once again, the response will be sent entirely in ASCII-text and must be correctly formatted. Electricity, light and radio waves - 3 ways we send information Fiber optic cable - a thread of glass engineered to reflect lig