Table of Contents
1 Cell Biology ............................................................................................................................ 2
2 Organisation ........................................................................................................................ 25
3 Infection and response ........................................................................................................ 51
4 Bioenergetics ....................................................................................................................... 65
5 Homeostasis and response .................................................................................................. 77
6 Inheritance, variation and evolution ................................................................................. 104
7 Ecology .............................................................................................................................. 126
,1 Cell Biology
1.1 Cell structure
1.1.1 Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
------ Eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cell
| |
Plant & animal cell bacterial cell
------ Units & calculations
1.1.2 Animal and plant cells
------ function of the main sub-cellular structures
Name of structure Function
Nucleus Contains genetic material
Controls activities of cell
, Gel like substance
Cytoplasm
Where chemical reactions happen
Cell membrane Controls what goes in and out of cell
Mitochondria Where aerobic respiration takes place
Ribosomes Where protein synthesis happens
Where photosynthesis occurs
Chloroplasts
Contains chlorophyll, a green pigment which absorbs
the light needed for photosynthesis
Made of cellulose
Cell wall
Supports and strengthens the cell, maintain rigid
structure
Vacuole Contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts,
keep cell turgid
, Used to transfer genetic
material from one cell to
another
------ difference between a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cell Prokaryotic cell
1 Cell Biology ............................................................................................................................ 2
2 Organisation ........................................................................................................................ 25
3 Infection and response ........................................................................................................ 51
4 Bioenergetics ....................................................................................................................... 65
5 Homeostasis and response .................................................................................................. 77
6 Inheritance, variation and evolution ................................................................................. 104
7 Ecology .............................................................................................................................. 126
,1 Cell Biology
1.1 Cell structure
1.1.1 Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
------ Eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cell
| |
Plant & animal cell bacterial cell
------ Units & calculations
1.1.2 Animal and plant cells
------ function of the main sub-cellular structures
Name of structure Function
Nucleus Contains genetic material
Controls activities of cell
, Gel like substance
Cytoplasm
Where chemical reactions happen
Cell membrane Controls what goes in and out of cell
Mitochondria Where aerobic respiration takes place
Ribosomes Where protein synthesis happens
Where photosynthesis occurs
Chloroplasts
Contains chlorophyll, a green pigment which absorbs
the light needed for photosynthesis
Made of cellulose
Cell wall
Supports and strengthens the cell, maintain rigid
structure
Vacuole Contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts,
keep cell turgid
, Used to transfer genetic
material from one cell to
another
------ difference between a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cell Prokaryotic cell
