Medication Aide Insulin Module 1 Questions and Answers with verified solutions

Medication Aide Insulin Module 1 Questions and Answers with verified solutions The purpose of insulin in the body - ANS- 1. Insulin is produced in special cells in the pancreas called beta cells 2. Insulin allows glucose(the fuel of the body) to enter the cells. Type 1 Diabetes - ANS- 1. Needs insulin injections for life 2.The body makes no insulin 3. (IDDM) Insulin-dependent 4. A person can develop type 1 diabetes at any age however usually before the age of 40. 5. Represents about 5% of all cases. Type 2 Diabetes - ANS- 1. May or may not require insulin. 2. Typically develops after the age of 40 but can develop in the teen years. 3. In many clients the disease can be controlled with diet and exercise. 4. Represents 95% of all cases What are the 3 P's ? - ANS- 1. Polydipsia 2. Polyphagia 3. Polyuria Polydipsia - ANS- Increased thirst Polyphagia - ANS- Increased hunger Polyuria - ANS- Increased urination 4 steps needed to manage Diabetes - ANS- 1. Diet management 2. Exercise 3. Medication 4. Blood glucose monitoring. What is Byetta? - ANS- Is an inject-able medication used to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes. What is Exubera? - ANS- Is a human insulin powder for oral inhalation What is the purpose of glucose monitoring? - ANS- Is to maintain a consistent, normal blood-glucose level and to treat as needed. When the body has too little insulin or unable to use insulin properly, over-eating or eating the wrong types of food, lack of exercise, illness and stress. - ANS- Hyperglycemia Signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia - ANS- Increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue and/ or unusually sleepy, Irritable, slow-healing cuts or sores, Increased blood glucose, Frequent infections, Fruity smell to breath, Increased ketones and if untreated: will result to ketoacidosis which is life threatening and can lead to death. When a person misses a meal, too much exercise and poor insulin management. - ANS- Hypoglycemia Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia - ANS- Shakiness, sweating, fast heart beat, pale skin and hunger Treatment for hyperglycemia is - ANS- Exercise, Decrease amount of food and correct insulin management. What to do if ketones are present - ANS- Do not Exercise Treatment for hypoglycemia is - ANS- 4 ounces of juice, 4 ounces of regular non-diet soda, 2-3 glucose tablets or 8 ounces of skim milk Hypoglycemia symptoms may include - ANS- Disoriented behavior, coma, seizure and unconsciousness Fasting blood glucose(ac) before breakfast should be - ANS- 90-130mg/dl Pre-meal blood glucose before dinner and lunch - ANS- 90-130mg/dl Two hours (pc)after eating - ANS- less than 180mg/dl Just before(hc) bedtime - ANS- 110-150mg/dl What are the general guidelines for administering subcutaneous injections? - ANS- Follow the 5 rights of medication administration, standard precaution procedures, an appropriate syringe unit must have U-100 insulin with U-100 syringes, correct sight for injection, clean with alcohol swabs, hold syringe like a dart, ( not a plunger), use a smooth, quick, dart-like motion to insert into clients skin, correct angle is 45 degrees to 90 degrees for injection, do not pull back on the plunger(aspirate), inject slowly, remove with a quick smooth motion, discard the syringe into a hard-walled (sharps) container, Observe the client for any signs of hypersensitivity, Document on the MAR according to the facility policy.