Peritoneal Dialysis test (Questions + Answers) Solved

What is peritoneal dialysis? -Answer-allows exchange of wastes, fluids and electrolytes to occur in the peritoneal cavity What does peritoneal dialysis involve? -Answer-siliconized rubber catheter placed in the abdominal cavity for infusion of dialysis When can't peritoneal dialysis be performed? -Answer--if peritoneal adhesions are present -extensive intra-abdominal surgery has been performed What are the three phases of peritoneal dialysis? -Answer--fill -dwell -drain What is the fill phase of peritoneal dialysis? -Answer-1-2L of dialysate is infused by gravity into the peritoneal cavity over a 10-20 minute period What is the dwell phase of peritoneal dialysis? -Answer-the fluid stays in the cavity for a specific time prescribed by physician What is the drain phase of peritoneal dialysis? -Answer-fluid flows out of the body by gravity into a drainage bag What does the peritoneal outflow contain? -Answer--the dialysate -excess water, electrolytes, and nitrogen-based waste product What is peritoneal effluent? -Answer-the dialyzing fluid on outflow What do the three phases of the peritoneal dialysis make up? -Answer-one peritoneal dialysis exchangeWhat type of catheter is used in peritoneal dialysis? -Answer-a silicone rubberized catheter (Silastic peritoneal dialysis catheter) What is peritoneal dialysis affected by? -Answer--decreased peritoneal membrane permeability (infection or scarring) -reduced capillary blood flow (blood vessel constriction, vascular disease, or decreased perfusion of the peritoneum) What does increased hypertonic solution cause in peritoneal dialysis? -Answer-greater osmotic pressure (pulling pressure) for water filtration and fluid removal What agents may be added to the dialysate? -Answer--intraperitoneal heparin -potassium -antibiotics Why is intraperitoneal heparin added to dialysate? -Answer-prevent clotting of the catheter or tubing Why is potassium added to dialysate? -Answer-prevent hypokalemia Why is antibiotics added to dialysate? -Answer-if peritonitis is present or suspected What are the types of peritoneal dialysis? -Answer--continuous ambulatory (CAPD) -automated -itnermittent -continuous-cycle What are the two most common types of peritoneal dialysis? -Answer--continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis -continuous cycling peritoneal dialysisWhat is CAPD consist of? -Answer--four 2L exchanges of dialysate into the peritoneal cavity -remains in peritoneal cavity for 4-8 hours -occurs 7 days/week -still a need for asepsis What type of system is used in CAPD? -Answer--continuous connect system -disconnect system What is the continuous connect system process in CAPD? -Answer--dialysate bag is attached to a catheter by 48-inch tubing -empty bag and tubing are folded and warn beneath clothing until used for outflow -after draining, patient removes bag and connects new bag to repeat process