ABFM HEALTH COUNSELING AND PREVENTIVE CARE EXAM QUETSIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+ 2024

ABFM HEALTH COUNSELING AND PREVENTIVE CARE EXAM QUETSIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+ 2024 You are counseling a 45-year-old male with elevated LDL-cholesterol. When discussing dietary changes to promote healthy lipid levels, which one of the following would be accurate advice? He should minimize his consumption of nuts The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet recommended for reducing hypertension will help lower his LDL-cholesterol level Saturated fats should comprise 15% or less of his caloric intake He should aim for a fiber intake of 25 g daily He should record what he has eaten in a food diary at the end of each day - Correct Answer B In 2013, the American Heart Association (AHA) issued lifestyle management guidelines designed to reduce cardiovascular risk. For adult patients with elevated LDL-cholesterol levels the AHA advises following diet plans such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, the AHA diet, or the USDA Food Pattern. The AHA specifically recommends reducing the percentage of calories from saturated fat, aiming for a goal of 6%-7% of calories from this source. The AHA also recommends a diet that emphasizes the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and which includes fish, poultry, low-fat dairy products, legumes, nontropical vegetable oils, and nuts. Consumption of red meat, sweets, and sugar-sweetened beverages should be discouraged.Although dietary fiber has been shown to have several beneficial health effects, the average daily intake for most Americans is 15 g daily, which is much lower than the recommended amount. The recommended daily fiber intake for males age 14-50 is 38 g daily. For other populations the recommended amount is lower, and varies according to age and sex. Several randomized, controlled trials have shown a reduction of LDL-cholesterol with higher fiber consumption. A food diary is an important aspect of dietary behavior change but it is most accurate if entries are made immediately after food is consumed. A 24-year-old female sees you for a preconception visit and removal of her IUD. This will be her first pregnancy and she tells you that she has smoked ¼-½ pack of cigarettes a day for the past 5 years.Which one of the following would be appropriate advice regarding the risks from smoking? Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of clubfoot Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of congenital atrial septal defects Stopping smoking now will reduce the increased risk of orofacial defects in her infant Reducing smoking