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Samenvatting RBC afwijkingen

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Dit is een samenvatting met notities van de les van Dr. Louagie in het tweede jaar MLT voor het vak hematologie. Aan de samenvatting zijn verduidelijkende figuren toegevoegd. Dit onderdeel gaat over de afwijkingen van de RBC.

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Uploaded on
May 22, 2019
Number of pages
8
Written in
2017/2018
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Summary

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RBC Afwijkingen
1. Inleiding
 Beenmerg: maakt bloed aan
o Functioneert goed + anemie: Ret +
o Insufficiëntie + anemie: Ret –
Reticulocyt = onrijpe RBC met RNA
RBC
 Normaal
o Hct: 45
o MCV: 80-100 fl
 Anemie
o Microcytair
o Normocytair
o Macrocytair
o Niet omdat normocytair geen ferriprieve anemie  niet direct zien aan MCV
 Levensduur RBC
o 120 dagen
o < 1% / dag afgebroken
 Hemolyse: breken RBC
o Haptoglobine: eiwit zorgt dat Hb niet in urine terechtkomt wnr lyse
o Kenmerken
 Haptoglobine –
 K-ionen +
 LDH + (= lactaat dehydrogenase)
 Indirect bilirubine +
 Reticulocyten +
 Vrij Hb: rood/roos serum (niet bij in vitro hemolyse)


2. Nadering anemie
Andere cellijnen?
 Verlaagd: BM punctie
 N:
o Microcytair
o Normocytair
o Macrocytair
 MCV?
 Reticulocyten?
1. Microcytair
 Oorzaak: ijzetekort
 BM probeert met weinig Fe de anemie te compenseren  Ret –
 Ijzergebreksanemie

, 2. Normocytair
 Oorzaak: Chronische ziekte (lever-, nieraandoeningen)
3. Macrocytair
 Oorzaak: Vit B12 en Foliumzuur tekort
o Vegetariërs
o Geriatrische ptn
o Alcoholisten
 MCV +
MCV verlaagd
 Hct -, normale plaatjes en leukocyten
 Ret –
 MCV –
 TIBC – (= totale Fe bindingscapaciteit): want bindingsplaatsen zijn vrij
 Microcytaire ferriprieve anemie: BM is OK maar kan niet meer genoeg bloed aanmaken door Fe
tekort

3. Ijzergebreksanemie
Oorzaken
- Maagzweer
- Menstruatie (V)
- Maag-, longkanker,..
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