MSC ORT Trauma Week 5 Questions And
Answers With Verified Study Set
What are the 4 most commonly fractured bones? (Trauma Pathology) -
ANSWER-Vertebral body, Distal Radius, Proximal Femur (Hip), Tibia/Fibula
(Ankle)
What are the 3 main causes of falls in the elderly population? (Trauma
Pathology) - ANSWER-Chronic health conditions (heart disease), Dementia, Low
blood pressure (hypotension)
List the long bones in the body. (Trauma Pathology) - ANSWER-Humerus,
Radius, Ulna, Femur, Tibia, Fibula
How do you describe a fracture? (Trauma Pathology) - ANSWER-Bone location,
joint involvement, fracture fragments, displacement, angulation, open vs. closed,
other qualities
What are the 6 types of fracture fragment descriptions? (Trauma Pathology) -
ANSWER-Transverse, linear, oblique non displaced, oblique displaced, spiral,
greenstick, comminuted
What is a pathologic fracture? (Trauma Pathology) - ANSWER-Something
caused from an underlying disease, often time presence of lesion in the bone
A fracture caused by torquing the bone is called a __________ fracture. (Trauma
Fracture Classification) - ANSWER-Spiral
If a bone has a butterfly fracture it can also be called by another name, which
means the same thing. It can be described as fitting in a group of fractures which
are called __________ fractures collectively. (Trauma Fracture Classification) -
ANSWER-Comminuted
,Describe a Colles fracture. (Trauma Fracture Classification) - ANSWER-Dorsal
fracture of the distal radius
What are the most common fracture classifications in orthopaedics? (Trauma
Fracture Classification) - ANSWER-AO/OTA, Gardener, Schatzker, Neer, Weber,
Distal Radius Fx, Tscherne
What type of diagnostic imaging can be used to diagnose a fracture? (Trauma
Fracture Classification) - ANSWER-X-Ray
Describe how to read an x-ray. (Trauma Fracture Classification) - ANSWER-An
x-ray examination creates images of your internal organs or bones to help
diagnose conditions or injuries.
What is compartment syndrome? (Trauma Fracture Classification) -
ANSWER-Pressurized fluid in a portion of a limb
How were fractures traditionally treated before internal fixation was introduced?
(Trauma Early Treatment) - ANSWER-Immobilization, traction, and amputation
What types of metal are K-wires, plates, and screws used in internal fixation
made of? (Trauma Early Treatment) - ANSWER-Titanium, stainless steel
What are some reasons hardware is removed? (Trauma Early Treatment) -
ANSWER-Infection, patient discomfort, hardware breakage, suspected allergic
reaction
What are the 2 main thread types for screws? (Trauma Early Treatment) -
ANSWER-Cortical screws and cancellous screws
What is the difference between a cortical and cancellous screw? (Trauma Early
Treatment) - ANSWER-Cortical screw: smaller thread pitch, smaller thread
height; stronger b/c of the bigger core, usually blunt tip, usually inserted
bi-cortically for maximum fixation, tip should only extend 1-2 mm beyond the
cortex. Cancellous screw: bigger thread pitch, bigger thread height; used in
metaphysis of larger bones, usually not bi-cortical, partially threaded screws used
as lag screws, pre-drill near cortex needed b/c of less dense bone type
, What are the functions of a screw? (Trauma Early Treatment) - ANSWER-Fix
fragments in place, compress two bone fragments together, anchor a wire or
instrument, attach plate to the bone
What are the 5 key functions of plates? (Trauma Plates and Screws) -
ANSWER-Neutralization, buttress (anti-glide), bridging, tension band,
compression
Explain how a buttress plate functions and what type of healing occurs (Trauma
Plates and Screws) - ANSWER-Providing support in one direction. Anti-glide.
Usually around a joint
What does LC-DCP stand for and why is it important? (Trauma Plates and
Screws) - ANSWER-Limited contact direct compression plate. It has a scalloped
undersurface to limit bone contact which improves blood circulation
Explain how locked plating works. (Trauma Plates and Screws) - ANSWER-A
locking plate does not have to precisely contact the underlying bone in all areas.
When screws are tightened, they "lock" to the threaded screw holes of the plate,
stabilizing the segments without pulling the bone to the plate.
Can locking and non-locking screws be used in the same construct? Why or Why
not? (Trauma Plates and Screws) - ANSWER-Yes
When can you use cannulated screws to fix a femoral neck fracture? (Trauma IM
Nails) - ANSWER-Fully threaded screws are intended to be used to stabilize
fractures with little to no compression across the fracture
What are the benefits of using an intramedullary (IM) nail? (Trauma IM Nails) -
ANSWER-Strong biomechanics (internal to the bone), less prominent hardware,
very strong for early weight bearing, promotes secondary healing, easily
dynamizable, relatively fast surgery, avoids opening the fracture zone
What are the risks to using an intramedullary (IM) nail? (Trauma IM Nails) -
ANSWER-Rotational malalignment, joint pain, rotator cuff pain (humeral nails),
pulmonary emboli, compartment syndrome
Answers With Verified Study Set
What are the 4 most commonly fractured bones? (Trauma Pathology) -
ANSWER-Vertebral body, Distal Radius, Proximal Femur (Hip), Tibia/Fibula
(Ankle)
What are the 3 main causes of falls in the elderly population? (Trauma
Pathology) - ANSWER-Chronic health conditions (heart disease), Dementia, Low
blood pressure (hypotension)
List the long bones in the body. (Trauma Pathology) - ANSWER-Humerus,
Radius, Ulna, Femur, Tibia, Fibula
How do you describe a fracture? (Trauma Pathology) - ANSWER-Bone location,
joint involvement, fracture fragments, displacement, angulation, open vs. closed,
other qualities
What are the 6 types of fracture fragment descriptions? (Trauma Pathology) -
ANSWER-Transverse, linear, oblique non displaced, oblique displaced, spiral,
greenstick, comminuted
What is a pathologic fracture? (Trauma Pathology) - ANSWER-Something
caused from an underlying disease, often time presence of lesion in the bone
A fracture caused by torquing the bone is called a __________ fracture. (Trauma
Fracture Classification) - ANSWER-Spiral
If a bone has a butterfly fracture it can also be called by another name, which
means the same thing. It can be described as fitting in a group of fractures which
are called __________ fractures collectively. (Trauma Fracture Classification) -
ANSWER-Comminuted
,Describe a Colles fracture. (Trauma Fracture Classification) - ANSWER-Dorsal
fracture of the distal radius
What are the most common fracture classifications in orthopaedics? (Trauma
Fracture Classification) - ANSWER-AO/OTA, Gardener, Schatzker, Neer, Weber,
Distal Radius Fx, Tscherne
What type of diagnostic imaging can be used to diagnose a fracture? (Trauma
Fracture Classification) - ANSWER-X-Ray
Describe how to read an x-ray. (Trauma Fracture Classification) - ANSWER-An
x-ray examination creates images of your internal organs or bones to help
diagnose conditions or injuries.
What is compartment syndrome? (Trauma Fracture Classification) -
ANSWER-Pressurized fluid in a portion of a limb
How were fractures traditionally treated before internal fixation was introduced?
(Trauma Early Treatment) - ANSWER-Immobilization, traction, and amputation
What types of metal are K-wires, plates, and screws used in internal fixation
made of? (Trauma Early Treatment) - ANSWER-Titanium, stainless steel
What are some reasons hardware is removed? (Trauma Early Treatment) -
ANSWER-Infection, patient discomfort, hardware breakage, suspected allergic
reaction
What are the 2 main thread types for screws? (Trauma Early Treatment) -
ANSWER-Cortical screws and cancellous screws
What is the difference between a cortical and cancellous screw? (Trauma Early
Treatment) - ANSWER-Cortical screw: smaller thread pitch, smaller thread
height; stronger b/c of the bigger core, usually blunt tip, usually inserted
bi-cortically for maximum fixation, tip should only extend 1-2 mm beyond the
cortex. Cancellous screw: bigger thread pitch, bigger thread height; used in
metaphysis of larger bones, usually not bi-cortical, partially threaded screws used
as lag screws, pre-drill near cortex needed b/c of less dense bone type
, What are the functions of a screw? (Trauma Early Treatment) - ANSWER-Fix
fragments in place, compress two bone fragments together, anchor a wire or
instrument, attach plate to the bone
What are the 5 key functions of plates? (Trauma Plates and Screws) -
ANSWER-Neutralization, buttress (anti-glide), bridging, tension band,
compression
Explain how a buttress plate functions and what type of healing occurs (Trauma
Plates and Screws) - ANSWER-Providing support in one direction. Anti-glide.
Usually around a joint
What does LC-DCP stand for and why is it important? (Trauma Plates and
Screws) - ANSWER-Limited contact direct compression plate. It has a scalloped
undersurface to limit bone contact which improves blood circulation
Explain how locked plating works. (Trauma Plates and Screws) - ANSWER-A
locking plate does not have to precisely contact the underlying bone in all areas.
When screws are tightened, they "lock" to the threaded screw holes of the plate,
stabilizing the segments without pulling the bone to the plate.
Can locking and non-locking screws be used in the same construct? Why or Why
not? (Trauma Plates and Screws) - ANSWER-Yes
When can you use cannulated screws to fix a femoral neck fracture? (Trauma IM
Nails) - ANSWER-Fully threaded screws are intended to be used to stabilize
fractures with little to no compression across the fracture
What are the benefits of using an intramedullary (IM) nail? (Trauma IM Nails) -
ANSWER-Strong biomechanics (internal to the bone), less prominent hardware,
very strong for early weight bearing, promotes secondary healing, easily
dynamizable, relatively fast surgery, avoids opening the fracture zone
What are the risks to using an intramedullary (IM) nail? (Trauma IM Nails) -
ANSWER-Rotational malalignment, joint pain, rotator cuff pain (humeral nails),
pulmonary emboli, compartment syndrome
