NSC Exam 1 (More Detailed Questions and Answers)_100% Already Graded A+

NSC Exam 1 (More Detailed Questions and Answers)_100% Already Graded A+ Leading Cause of Death in United States - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Heart Disease 2. Cancer Lifestyle - CORRECT ANSWER-a person's way of living that includes diet, physical activity habits, use of drugs such as tobacco and alcohol, and other typical patterns of health-related behavior 6 classes of nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER-- carbohydrates - fats and other lipids, - proteins - vitamins - minerals - water Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWER-Source of energy (most forms) Lipids - CORRECT ANSWER-Source of energy (fats), cellular development, physical growth and development, regulation of body processes, absorption of fat-soluble vitamins Proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-Production of structural and functional components; cellular development, growth, and maintenance; regulation of body processes; immune function; fluid balance; source of energy Vitamins - CORRECT ANSWER-Regulation of body processes, maintenance of immune function, production and maintenance of tissues, protection against agents that can damage cellular components Minerals - CORRECT ANSWER-Regulation of body processes, including fluid balance; formation of certain chemical messengers; structural and functional components of various substances and tissues; necessary for physical growth, maintenance, and development Water - CORRECT ANSWER-Maintenance of fluid balance, regulation of body temperature, elimination of wastes, transportation of substances, participant in many chemical reactions How many kilocalories are in a gram of carbohydrates? - CORRECT ANSWER-4 kcal How many kilocalories are in a gram of protein? - CORRECT ANSWER-4 kcal How many kilocalories are in a gram of fat? - CORRECT ANSWER-9 kcal How many kilocalories are in a gram of alcohol? - CORRECT ANSWER-7 kcal Macronutrients - CORRECT ANSWER-Name for carbohydrates, fats and proteins as the body needs a relativity large amount of these nutrients daily. Supply energy for cells Micronutrients - CORRECT ANSWER-Name for vitamins and minerals as they body needs a very small amount of these to function properly. Do not Supply energy for cells Essential nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER-Nutrients that must be supplied through food. About 50 of them Examples of some Essential Nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER-Water Vitamin A Vitamin C B vitamins Vitamin D Glucose Minerals like calcium, sodium, chloride and Zinc Fats that contain linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids Some proteins (amino acids) Chpt 1 mod 1.3 pg 10 Nonnutrients - CORRECT ANSWER-Substances that are not nutrients but may have some healthful benefits Examples of nonnutrients - CORRECT ANSWER-Alcohol, phytochemicals phytochemicals - CORRECT ANSWER-Compounds made in plants that are nonnutrients examples of phytochemicals - CORRECT ANSWER-- Alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lutein, lycopene - Quercetin - Anthocyanins - Resveratrol - Isoflavonoids - Sulfur compounds - Caffeine - Saponins - Capsaicin Dietary Supplement - CORRECT ANSWER-a product (excluding tobacco) that contains a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other plant product, an amino acid, or a dietary substance that supplements the diet by increasing total intake Why are antioxidants important? - CORRECT ANSWER-An antioxidant protects cells and their components from being damaged or destroyed by chemically unstable factors