PSY 121 Unit 1 Study Guide Questions & Answers Already Graded A+

Which early movement of psychology investigated how our minds help us adapt to the world around us? - Functionalism What advice might John B. Watson have offered to psychologists of his time? - "Focus on observable behavior" Evolutionary psychology might suggest that certain cognitive strategies and goals are built into the brain because _______ - they help humans adapt to their natural environment You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as free will and self-actualization. Which psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented? - Humanism I you are interested in how patterns, beliefs, and customs influence behavior, you are interested in the _______ perspective. - Sociocultural Which of the following is NOT an example of applied psychology? - A health psychologist researches a potential link between depression and brain tumors. _______ psychologist interview patients, give diagnostic tests, provide psychotherapy, and design and implement behavioral modification programs - Clinical A psychology student had to use the steps of the scientific method for a class project. He decided to study the effect of age on clothing choices. He then formulated a hypothesis that older people would prefer more conservative clothing than younger people. Where did he go wrong? - He did not conduct background research before developing his hypothesis. Ashley is using the scientific method to test whether male children are more violent than female children. What will she most likely do first? - Research previous scientific studies about children, gender roles, and violence.Testing a hypothesis is the _____ step in a scientific investigation. - fourth Which of the following is an example of critical thinking? - Considering alternative explanations for a study's results A large automobile company says the cars the company makes are the safest in the world. You have driven one of these vehicles for a week and have not had any accidents or problems. Therefore, you believe the company's claim about safety. This error in critical thinking is related to which of the following steps? - Avoid using emotions or personal experiences when evaluating the claim. _______ occurs in situations where a research participant's behavior is different than normal because the participant is being observed. - Reactivity Dr. Littman-Smith is conducting research in Kenya into the ways that mothers and their toddlers interact throughout the day. Given the purpose of her study, it is most likely that she is engaged in ________. - naturalistic observation Sam conducted a naturalistic observation as a project for a psychology class. He observed the interactions of parents and children at a restaurant. Many of the people he observed seemed to notice him. When Sam described his work to his teacher, she suggested he find out more about the ________. - observer effect Dr. Sardonicus wants to know whether or not the first three years of life are critical for acquiring language. She decides to study a child who was tragically deprived of human language by her parents. This type of research is called a(n): - case study