EXPH 240 Exam 4 Endocrine System Questions & Answers Already Graded A+

dips/o - thirst gluc/o, glucos/om glyc/o - glucose hormon/o - hormone ket/o, keton/o - ketone bodies pancreat/o - pancreas thym/o - thymus gland thyr/o, thyroid/o - thyroid gland (shield) adrenal glands - located on the superior surface of each kidney; the adrenal cortez secretes steroid hormones, and the adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine steroid hormones - hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex catecholamines - hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that affect the sympathetic nervous system in stress response ovaries - located on both sides of the uterus in the female pelvis; secret estrogen and progesterone estrogen - responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristicsprogesterone - regulate uterine conditions during pregnancy islets of Langerhans of the pancreas - endocrine tissue within the pancreas; secretes insulin and glucagon insulin - hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans that is responsible for regulating the metabolism of glucose glucagon - a hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans that serves to regulate carbohydrate metabolism by raising blood sugar parathyroid glands - two paired glands located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland in the neck; secret parathyroid hormones pineal gland - located in the center of the brain; secrets melatonin and serotonin melatonin - exact function unknown; affects the onset of puberty serotonin - a neurotransmitter that serves as the precursor to melatonin pituitary gland - located at the base of the brain; considered the master gland as it secretes hormones that regulate the function of other glands testes - located on both sides within eh scrotum in the male; secrete testosterone thymus gland - located in the mediastinal cavity anterior to and above the heart; secretes thymosin thyroid gland - located in the front of the neck; secretes triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and calcitoninexophthalmos - protrusion of one or both eyeballs, often because of thyroid dysfunction or a tumor behind the eyeball glucosuria - glucose in the urine hirsutism - shaggy; an excessive growth of hair, especially in unusual places hypercalcemia - an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood