PATHO POST TEST Actual Questions And Detailed Answers A+ Score.

What is a nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients into energy? - correct answer Respiration A couple has 3 offspring, 1 child with an autosomal dominant disease trait, and two who are normal. The father is affected by the autosomal dominant disease trait, but the mother does not have the disease gene. What is the recurrent risk of the disease for the next child? - correct answer 50% When the nurse is teaching a group of new nurses about X-linked chromosomal disorders, which information should the nurse include? SATA - correct answer *The trait is never passed from father to son, *The gene can be passed through a series of carrier females *The gene is passed from an affected father to his daughters. A 50-year-old male with a 30 year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced the normal columnar ciliated cells. What is this type of cellular adaptation called? - correct answer Metaplasia Which of the following statements indicates that the patient has a good understanding of cancer risk factors? - correct answer The most important environmental factor for cancer is exposure to smoking/second-hand smoke. A 75-year-old male presents with chest pain on exertion, the chest pain is most likely related to hypoxic injury secondary to what? - correct answer Ischemia A 55-year-old female presents to her primary care office with reports of dizziness, confusion and tingling in the extremities. Blood tests reveal elevated pH, decreased PCO2, and a slightly decreased HCO3. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? - correct answer Respiratory alkalosis, partially compensated. A 20-year-old male shoots his hand with a nail gun while replacing roof shingles. Which of the following cells would be the first to appear at the injury site to kill bacteria and prevent infection in his hand? - correct answer neutrophils A nurse recalls that mast cells, a major activator of inflammation, initiates the inflammatory response through the process of what? - correct answer Degranulation A nurse is reviewing the results of a recent ABG assessment. The results indicate a Pa02 of 50, PaCO2 of 40, and an O2 sat of 82%. Which of these values is a concern to the nurse? - correct answer PaO2 of 50 AND O2 sat of 82% The predominant antibody of a typical primary immune response is: - correct answer IgM when histamine is released in the body, which of the following responses would the nurse expect - correct answer Edema A 30-year-old man develops poison ivy after mowing his lawn near the woods. His PCP prescribes a synthetic cortisol medication. How will the cortisol relieve his symptoms? - correct answer Suppresses the TH1 cell activity The nurse is assessing a patient who has been involved in an automobile accident. The nurse confirms that the patient has altered consciousness and applies the GCS (Glascow Coma Scale) to assess the patient's neurological status. What would the nurse assess using the GCS? SATA - correct answer * Verbal responses * Eye movement / opening * Motor response When a patient asks what are the most common cancer types associated with tobacco use, how should the nurse respond? - correct answer Squamous and small cell adenocarcinomas. A 45-year-old male was previously diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease, he has impaired fine repetitive motor movements, what areas of the brain does the nurse suspect is likely damaged? - correct answer Basal ganglia When a patient has a fever, which of the following thermoregulatory mechanisms are activated? - correct answer Raises the set temperature - the body's core temperature is reset to a higher level The exocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of what? - correct answer ducts Which of the following measures is indicative of prediabetes? - correct answer Fasting plasma glucose of 122 with a follow-up glucose test of 189. During a home health visit following knee-replacement surgery, the nurse notices that the patient is warm to the touch and has a fever. The incision is inflamed and not well approximated with foul smelling drainage at the incision line. The nurse tells the patient that she needs to see her surgeon because she may have.... what? - correct an