,1. During the 1800s, what did Pinel believe that the cure for mental illness was?
A) arrest and confinement
B) early psychotherapy
C) humane treatment
D) the use of chains
2. Who was the psychiatrist who suggested the term “mental hygiene”?
A) Clarence Hincks
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Philippe Pinel
D) Adolf Meyer
3. Before the 19th century, seriously mentally ill clients with severely disturbing behaviour
were usually cared for by:
A) family members at home.
B) spiritual healers in asylums.
C) laypersons in hospitals.
D) staff in prisons and poorhouses.
4. Which variable of communities had the most influence on the early forms of
institutional ways of caring for the mentally ill people?
A) quality of housing and number of professionals
B) social stability and availability of resources
C) political climate and public policy
D) legal structure and role of nurses
5. Which factor has been historically related to increased intolerance and ill treatment of
people with mental disorders?
A) social change and instability
B) increased family size and mobility
C) emphasis on religious beliefs
D) increased number of asylums treating mentally ill
Page 1
, 6. Which effects of industrialization and urbanization contributed positively to the humane
treatment of mentally afflicted treatment? Select all that apply.
A) the growing number of poor and deviant people who were not able to sustain
themselves
B) more general anxieties during a period of rapid social change and instability
C) moral, pedagogical treatment that would help restore innate capacity for
self-control
D) the Enlightenment, which changed medical and social ideas about mental illness
E) recognition of mental illness by the medical community
7. Which was a primary reform accomplished by Dorothea Lynde Dix?
A) establishment of “commitment” laws in state legislatures
B) introducing compassion to the care of mentally ill clients
C) use of music to treat mentally ill clients
D) use of exercise therapy to treat mentally ill clients
8. Which province in Canada was first to open a mental institution in 1835?
A) Ontario
B) Nova Scotia
C) Quebec
D) New Brunswick
9. When did involuntary confinement and institutional care of mentally ill people begin to
be the foremost treatment modality?
A) the 17th and 18th centuries
B) end of the 20th century
C) beginning of the 19th century
D) last half of the 19th century
10. Which was developed in 1909 by the National Mental Health Committee for Mental
Hygiene?
A) mental health nurse training
B) stress management clinics
C) prison clinics
D) hydrotherapy centres
Page 2
, 11. What superintendent of various Ontario psychiatric hospitals was one of the first health
care providers who reformed models of care to improve treatment approaches in
Ontario?
A) Adolf Meyer
B) Clifford Beers
C) Charles K. Clarke
D) Charles A. Barager
12. When did psychiatric nursing education in the general hospital training commence in
eastern Canada?
A) 1860s
B) 1900s
C) 1930s
D) 1950s
13. Which level of legislation supported confinement of mentally ill clients in Canada in the
late 19th century?
A) provincial
B) national
C) municipal
D) state
14. In the earliest institutions that cared for mentally ill members of the community, what
was the most common experience of clients?
A) sporadic focus on treatment
B) safer alternative to living in the community
C) emphasis on rehabilitation
D) deplorable living conditions
15. What psychiatrist who had a strong belief in the ability of female compassion and
established a new diploma in Alberta for mental health nurses?
A) Adolf Meyer
B) Charles K. Clarke
C) Clarence Hincks
D) Charles A. Barager
Page 3
A) arrest and confinement
B) early psychotherapy
C) humane treatment
D) the use of chains
2. Who was the psychiatrist who suggested the term “mental hygiene”?
A) Clarence Hincks
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Philippe Pinel
D) Adolf Meyer
3. Before the 19th century, seriously mentally ill clients with severely disturbing behaviour
were usually cared for by:
A) family members at home.
B) spiritual healers in asylums.
C) laypersons in hospitals.
D) staff in prisons and poorhouses.
4. Which variable of communities had the most influence on the early forms of
institutional ways of caring for the mentally ill people?
A) quality of housing and number of professionals
B) social stability and availability of resources
C) political climate and public policy
D) legal structure and role of nurses
5. Which factor has been historically related to increased intolerance and ill treatment of
people with mental disorders?
A) social change and instability
B) increased family size and mobility
C) emphasis on religious beliefs
D) increased number of asylums treating mentally ill
Page 1
, 6. Which effects of industrialization and urbanization contributed positively to the humane
treatment of mentally afflicted treatment? Select all that apply.
A) the growing number of poor and deviant people who were not able to sustain
themselves
B) more general anxieties during a period of rapid social change and instability
C) moral, pedagogical treatment that would help restore innate capacity for
self-control
D) the Enlightenment, which changed medical and social ideas about mental illness
E) recognition of mental illness by the medical community
7. Which was a primary reform accomplished by Dorothea Lynde Dix?
A) establishment of “commitment” laws in state legislatures
B) introducing compassion to the care of mentally ill clients
C) use of music to treat mentally ill clients
D) use of exercise therapy to treat mentally ill clients
8. Which province in Canada was first to open a mental institution in 1835?
A) Ontario
B) Nova Scotia
C) Quebec
D) New Brunswick
9. When did involuntary confinement and institutional care of mentally ill people begin to
be the foremost treatment modality?
A) the 17th and 18th centuries
B) end of the 20th century
C) beginning of the 19th century
D) last half of the 19th century
10. Which was developed in 1909 by the National Mental Health Committee for Mental
Hygiene?
A) mental health nurse training
B) stress management clinics
C) prison clinics
D) hydrotherapy centres
Page 2
, 11. What superintendent of various Ontario psychiatric hospitals was one of the first health
care providers who reformed models of care to improve treatment approaches in
Ontario?
A) Adolf Meyer
B) Clifford Beers
C) Charles K. Clarke
D) Charles A. Barager
12. When did psychiatric nursing education in the general hospital training commence in
eastern Canada?
A) 1860s
B) 1900s
C) 1930s
D) 1950s
13. Which level of legislation supported confinement of mentally ill clients in Canada in the
late 19th century?
A) provincial
B) national
C) municipal
D) state
14. In the earliest institutions that cared for mentally ill members of the community, what
was the most common experience of clients?
A) sporadic focus on treatment
B) safer alternative to living in the community
C) emphasis on rehabilitation
D) deplorable living conditions
15. What psychiatrist who had a strong belief in the ability of female compassion and
established a new diploma in Alberta for mental health nurses?
A) Adolf Meyer
B) Charles K. Clarke
C) Clarence Hincks
D) Charles A. Barager
Page 3
