Pharmacology MSN 571 practice questions

Pharmacology MSN 571 practice questions And Answers 1. A provider has prescribed a female patient a medication that induces P-glycoprotein (PGP). The provider will be particularly concerned about which aspects of the patient's medical history? - Intestinal problems, Kidney function, Liver function A 4-year-old child who ingested several cigarettes at home presents to the emergency department with nausea and vomiting and a weak, thready pulse of 120 beats/minute. What intervention will the provider order? - Respiratory support A 5-year-old has gray teeth. When taking a medication history, the provider will ask about previous use of which group of medications? - Tetracyclines A child attending daycare is prescribed 750 mg of an antibiotic for 10 days. The drug may be dosed in several ways and is available in two concentrations. Which dosing regimen will the provider consider to best assure drug adherence? - 375 mg of a 500 mg/5 mL solution PO twice daily A college student is brought to the emergency department after collapsing at a nightclub. The patient has a temperature of 105F, a clenched jaw, and confusion. Which medication will the provider prescribe? - Dantrolene A drug can cause symptoms that resemble those of Parkinson disease. What action should the prescriber take to minimize the potential patient risk? - Thoroughly educate the patient about recognizing such symptoms and the need to notify the office immediately. A frail older adult patient is admitted to the hospital after several days of vomiting, diarrhea, poor intake of foods and fluids, and anuria for 8 hours. What laboratory studies will the provider order to help guide medication administration? - Creatinine clearance, Plasma drug levels, Serum albumin A medication prescribed for a neonate is eliminated primarily by hepatic metabolism. What action will the prescriber take to minimize risk to the infant? - Prescribe a dose that is relatively lower than an adult dose when adjusted for body surface area A metered-dose albuterol inhaler is prescribed for asthma management. The patient reports feeling jittery sometimes when taking the medication, and does not feel that the medication is always effective. Which action will the provider take to best minimize patient risks and maximize medication effectiveness? - Auscultate the patient's lung sounds and obtain other relevant vital signs. A patient arrives in the emergency department after becoming dehydrated. Based on the patient's history, the provider determines that isotonic dehydration has occurred. Which solution will be ordered to treat this patient? - 0.9% sodium chloride in sterile water A patient arrives in the emergency department reporting chest pain that has lasted longer than 1 hour and is unrelieved by nitroglycerin. The patient's electrocardiogram reveals elevation of the ST segment. Initial cardiac troponin levels are negative. The patient is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula. Which drug will the provider order to be given immediately? - Aspirin 325 mg chewable A patient arrives in the emergency department reporting muscle weakness and drowsiness. The nurse notes a heart rate of 80 beats/minute, a respiratory rate of 18 breaths/minute, and a blood pressure of 90/50 mm Hg. The electrocardiogram reveals an abnormal rhythm. The provider will be most concerned about the patient's use of what medication? - Antacids A patient asks why a combination product containing an opioid analgesic and a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) has been prescribed to manage cancer pain. Which response will the provider give the patient? - "The combination provides increased pain relief than when either product is used alone." A patient collapses after running a marathon on a hot day and is brought to the emergency department to be treated for dehydration. The provider will prescribe which therapy? - Intravenous hypotonic fluids administered in stages A patient develops shortness of breath shortly after taking the initial dose of a newly prescribed medication. The patient's heart rate is 86 beats/minute, the respiratory rate is 24 breaths/minute, and the blood pressure is 120/70 mm Hg. The prescriber will discontinue the drug based on the assumption the patient experienced what medication induced effect? - A side effect A patient diagnosed with C. difficile infection is considered a high risk for recurrence. Which medication will the provider prescribed? - Bezlotoxumab A patient diagnosed with chronic pain calls to request an oxycodone (Oxycontin) refill. Which action should the prescriber take initially? - Arrange to schedule an appointment with the patient. A patient diagnosed with heart failure (HF) and taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, has developed fibrotic changes in the heart and vessels. Which type of medication will the provider order to counter this development? - Aldosterone antagonist A patient diagnosed with STEMI is about to undergo a primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Which combination of pharmacotherapeutic agents will the provider prescribe to augment this procedure? - Heparin, aspirin, and clopidogrel A patient had a blood pressures of 150/95 mm Hg and 148/90 mm Hg on two separate office visits. This is consistent with a blood pressure of 145/92 mm Hg taken in an ambulatory setting. The patient's diagnostic tests are all normal. What will the patient's provider order to best manage the patient's hypertension? - A thiazide diuretic A patient has been receiving iron replacement therapy for 2 days after hip replacement surgery. The provider is alerted to the following assessment data: Patient's stools appear black. Patient is pale and reports feeling tired. Patient's heart rate is 98 beats/minute, respirations are 20 breaths/minute, and the blood pressure is 100/50 mm Hg. What order will the provider take initially to best assure appropriate care for this patient? - Hemoglobin and hematocrit (H&H) A patient has been taking methadone for 5 months to overcome an opioid addiction. The provider will monitor the patient for which electrocardiographic change? - Prolonged QT interval A patient has been taking oxycodone to manage severe, chronic pain for the last 6 months but now reports that it is no longer effective. The provider will discuss prescribing which medication for the patient? - Fentanyl transdermal patch A patient has taken a narcotic analgesic for chronic pain for several months.