BIOL 2302 Kasparian Final Exam Review Questions and Answers

The main functional organs of the urinary system are.... - Answer-kidneys The temporary storage reservoir for urine following filtration is... - Answer-urinary bladder The paired organs that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder are.... - Answer-ureters The transport lumen that transports urine from the bladder out of the body is the.... - Answer-urethra How much blood does the kidney filter daily? - Answer-200 liters What are the function of the kidneys - Answer-- allow the expulsion of toxins, metabolic wastes, and excess ions - regulate volume and chemical make up of the blood - maintain proper balance between water and salts, and acids and bases - activation of vitamin D During prolonged fasting (deprivation of nutrients), kidneys will undergo what process to produce energy for the body? - Answer-gluconeogenesis Which chemical released from he kidneys helps regulate blood pressure? - Answer-renin What hormone released from the kidney helps stimulate RBC production? - Answer-erythropoietin The region of the kidneys in which ureters, renal blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter is called.... - Answer-hilusThe fibrous structure that surrounds the kidney and prevents kidney infections is called... - Answer-renal capsule The fatty mass that cushions the kidney and attaches it the body cavity wall is called.... - Answer-adipose capsule The outer layer of dense fibrous connective tissue that anchors kidney is called.... - Answer-renal fascia The light colored, granular superficial region of the kidney is called... - Answer-cortex The part of the kidney that has cone-shaped pyramids separated by columns is called... - Answermedulla The flat funnel shaped tube lateral to the hilus within the renal sinus is called... - Answer-renal pelvis The large branches of the renal pelvis that collect urine and empty it into the pelvis are called... - Answer-major calyces What is the nerve supply of the kidneys? - Answer-renal plexus The structural and functional units that form urine in the kidneys are.... - Answer-nephrons What are the components of the nephrons? - Answer-- glomerulus - glomerular capsule - renal tubules What are the three renal tubules? - Answer-- proximal convoluted tubule - Loop of Henle - Distal convoluted tubuleThe tuft of capillaries associated with a renal tubule is called... - Answer-glomerulus the cup-shaped end of the renal tubes that completely surrounds the glomerulus is called... - Answerglomerular (Bowman's) capsule The complex of both the glomerulus and capsule is called.... - Answer-renal corpuscle The fenestrate epithelium that allows solute-rich and protein free filtrate to pass from the blood into the glomerular capsule is..... - Answer-glomerular endothelium