General Biology 1 exam 1
basic features of life - Answer -1. cells = simplest unit of life
2. living organisms maintain homeostasis
3. living organisms interact with their environment
4. living organisms use energy
5. living organisms grow and develop
6. genetic material provides a blueprint for reproduction
7. populations evolve from one generation to the next
8. all species (past and present) are related by an evolutionary history
CHEEGER
cell theory - Answer -states that 1) all organisms are composed of cells, 2) cells are the smallest units of
life, 3) new cells come from preexisting cells via cell division
respiration - Answer -metabolic reactions that a cell uses to get energy from food molecules and release
waste products
metabolism - Answer -sum total of all chemical reactions that occur within an organism; chemical
reactions involved with the breakdown and synthesis of cellular molecules
photosynthesis - Answer -process whereby light energy is captured by plant, algal, or bacterial cells, and
is used to synthesize organic molecules from CO2 and H2O
homeostasis - Answer -process whereby living organisms regulate their cells and bodies to maintain
relatively stable internal conditions - (regulate cellular metabolism so nutrient molecules are used at an
appropriate rate and new cellular components are sy nthesized when they are needed)
growth - Answer -increase in weight or size; production of more or larger cells
1 / 3
development - Answer -series of changes in the state of an organism; the underlying process that gives
rise to the structure and function of the organism; produces organisms with a defined set of
characteristics; developmental sequence is determined by geno me
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - Answer -genetic material that provides a blueprint for the organization,
development, and function of living things
5 core concepts of biology - Answer -1. systems (living systems are interconnected and interacting)
2. pathways & transformations of energy/matter
3. information flow, exchange, & storage
4. evolution
5. structure & function
biology - Answer -scientific study of living organisms and how they have evolved
evolution - Answer -heritable change; phenomenon that populations of organisms change from one
generation to the next
evolution is not... - Answer -1. progressive (there is no end point)
2. goal oriented
3. starting from scratch (it modifies preexisting structures)
unity - Answer -all organisms share certain basic properties in common
diversity - Answer -differences in form, shape, function, structure, color, etc.
living and nonliving both... - Answer -1. are comprised of the same particles and chemical elements (C, H,
O, P , N, S)
2. obey the same physical and chemical laws
2 / 3
What do we need for life? - Answer -1. heredity materials (DNA, RNA)
2. raw materials (building blocks to create organism out of)
3. energy inputs (to hold and maintain life)
binomial nomenclature - Answer -"two word names"; universal & Latin -based; first word = genus, second
word = specific epithet; always underlined or italicized; system created by Carl Linnaeus
"Systema Naturae" - Answer -created by Carolus Linnaeus; classified organisms into nested hierarchies
based on shared similarities
genus - Answer -first word in binomial nomenclature; may occur alone, capitalized
specific epithet - Answer -second word in binomial nomenclature; must be preceded by genus; lowercase
taxonomy - Answer -field of biology concerned with the theory, practice, and rules of classifying living
and extinct organisms and viruses; species with a recent common ancestor are grouped together,
whereas species with a common ancestor in the very distan t past are placed in different groups
systematics - Answer -hierarchical levels (taxa) based on hypothesized evolutionary relationships
levels listed most inclusive to least inclusive - Answer -domain, supergroup, kingdom, phylum, class,
order, family, genus, species
adaptation - Answer -any modification that makes an organism better suited to its way of life
descent with modification - Answer -populations change over generations; biological evolution; results in
heritable traits that promote survival and reproductive success
natural selection is the only way to achieve... - Answer -adaptation
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
3 / 3
basic features of life - Answer -1. cells = simplest unit of life
2. living organisms maintain homeostasis
3. living organisms interact with their environment
4. living organisms use energy
5. living organisms grow and develop
6. genetic material provides a blueprint for reproduction
7. populations evolve from one generation to the next
8. all species (past and present) are related by an evolutionary history
CHEEGER
cell theory - Answer -states that 1) all organisms are composed of cells, 2) cells are the smallest units of
life, 3) new cells come from preexisting cells via cell division
respiration - Answer -metabolic reactions that a cell uses to get energy from food molecules and release
waste products
metabolism - Answer -sum total of all chemical reactions that occur within an organism; chemical
reactions involved with the breakdown and synthesis of cellular molecules
photosynthesis - Answer -process whereby light energy is captured by plant, algal, or bacterial cells, and
is used to synthesize organic molecules from CO2 and H2O
homeostasis - Answer -process whereby living organisms regulate their cells and bodies to maintain
relatively stable internal conditions - (regulate cellular metabolism so nutrient molecules are used at an
appropriate rate and new cellular components are sy nthesized when they are needed)
growth - Answer -increase in weight or size; production of more or larger cells
1 / 3
development - Answer -series of changes in the state of an organism; the underlying process that gives
rise to the structure and function of the organism; produces organisms with a defined set of
characteristics; developmental sequence is determined by geno me
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - Answer -genetic material that provides a blueprint for the organization,
development, and function of living things
5 core concepts of biology - Answer -1. systems (living systems are interconnected and interacting)
2. pathways & transformations of energy/matter
3. information flow, exchange, & storage
4. evolution
5. structure & function
biology - Answer -scientific study of living organisms and how they have evolved
evolution - Answer -heritable change; phenomenon that populations of organisms change from one
generation to the next
evolution is not... - Answer -1. progressive (there is no end point)
2. goal oriented
3. starting from scratch (it modifies preexisting structures)
unity - Answer -all organisms share certain basic properties in common
diversity - Answer -differences in form, shape, function, structure, color, etc.
living and nonliving both... - Answer -1. are comprised of the same particles and chemical elements (C, H,
O, P , N, S)
2. obey the same physical and chemical laws
2 / 3
What do we need for life? - Answer -1. heredity materials (DNA, RNA)
2. raw materials (building blocks to create organism out of)
3. energy inputs (to hold and maintain life)
binomial nomenclature - Answer -"two word names"; universal & Latin -based; first word = genus, second
word = specific epithet; always underlined or italicized; system created by Carl Linnaeus
"Systema Naturae" - Answer -created by Carolus Linnaeus; classified organisms into nested hierarchies
based on shared similarities
genus - Answer -first word in binomial nomenclature; may occur alone, capitalized
specific epithet - Answer -second word in binomial nomenclature; must be preceded by genus; lowercase
taxonomy - Answer -field of biology concerned with the theory, practice, and rules of classifying living
and extinct organisms and viruses; species with a recent common ancestor are grouped together,
whereas species with a common ancestor in the very distan t past are placed in different groups
systematics - Answer -hierarchical levels (taxa) based on hypothesized evolutionary relationships
levels listed most inclusive to least inclusive - Answer -domain, supergroup, kingdom, phylum, class,
order, family, genus, species
adaptation - Answer -any modification that makes an organism better suited to its way of life
descent with modification - Answer -populations change over generations; biological evolution; results in
heritable traits that promote survival and reproductive success
natural selection is the only way to achieve... - Answer -adaptation
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
3 / 3
