BSC 2086 exam 1 (3&4) Questions and Answers

BSC 2086 exam 1 (3&4) Questions and Answers the endocrine system uses ___________ to relay information and instructions between cells - Answer️️ -chemical messengers - exchange of ions and molecules between adjacent cells across gap junctions - occurs btwn two cells of same type - highly specified (cardiac muscles) - Answer️️ -direct communication links cytoplasm of two cells - Answer️️ -gap junctions the most common form of intercellular communication, uses chemical signals to transfer information from cell to cell within single tissue communication between close cells (short distance) - Answer️️ -paracrine communication alters metabolic activities of many tissues and organs simultaneously - Answer️️ - endocrine communication endocrine cells release chemicals (hormones) into bloodstream specific cells that possess receptors needed to bind and "read" hormonal messages - Answer️️ -target cells chemical messengers that are transported through blood to distant targets - Answer️️ - hormones Chemical messenger is the "neurotransmitter" Ideal for crisis management Occurs across synaptic clefts (short distances) Limited to a very specific area Response usually not long lasting Nervous system response faster than endocrine system - Answer️️ -synaptic communication T or F paracrine factors can enter the bloodstream, however their concentrations are usually too low to affect distant cells/tissues - Answer️️ -true epinephrine and norepinephrine are both released from the - Answer️️ -adrenal medullae of adrenal glands biogenic amines aka - Answer️️ -amino acid derivatives melatonin is produced from - Answer️️ -pineal gland