AQA GCSE Biology: Inheritance Exam Questions and Answers

AQA GCSE Biology: Inheritance Exam Questions and Answers Gametes - Answer️️ -sex cells Gametes are made by - Answer️️ -Meiosis Meiosis - Answer️️ -Produces non identical cells Sexual reproduction - Answer️️ --Involves the fusion of Male and female gametes (fertilisation) -mixing of genetic information so we can see variation in offspring Asexual reproduction - Answer️️ --one parent -does not involve gametes and no mixing of genetic information -offspring are identical -only involves mitosis Clones - Answer️️ -identical genetic copies Meiosis - Answer️️ --all chromosomes are copied -cell divides into two and then one more time, forming gametes -in the gametes the chromosomes are not in pairs so they have been halved -produces four gametes from one cell, all genetically different Meiosis takes place - Answer️️ -In reproductive organs, ovaries and testes Fertilisation - Answer️️ -Fusing of a male sex cell with a female sex cell After fertilisation - Answer️️ -The cell divides by mitosis and produces a clump of identical cells (embryo) As an embryo develops - Answer️️ -The cells differentiate forming different cell types eg muscle and nerve cells Advantages of sexual reproduction - Answer️️ --variation which gives the species more chance of survival because of natural selection (some will survive and reproduce) Advantages of asexual reproduction - Answer️️ --no need to find a mate -more efficient and faster -allows an organism to produce many genetically identical offspring rapidly Disadvantages of asexual reproduction - Answer️️ --no genetic variation so if conditions become unfavourable they all die Malaria - Answer️️ --in the human host, parasite reproduces asexually -in the mosquito, parasite reproduces sexually Fungi - Answer️️ --produce spores to reproduce asexua