Essential Cell Biology - Chapter 15 Cell Biology Exam Questions with Correct Answers

Which of the following statements about the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is false? - ANSWER-B ) Proteins to be delivered to the ER lumen are synthesized on smooth Er Which of the following statements about membrane-enclosed organelles is true? (a) In a typical cell, the area of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane far exceeds the area of plasma membrane. (b) The nucleus is the only organelle that is surrounded by a double membrane. (c) Other than the nucleus, most organelles are small and thus, in a typical cell, only about 10% of a cell's volume is occupied by membrane-enclosed organelles; the other 90% of the cell volume is the cytosol. (d) The nucleus is the only organelle that contains DNA. - ANSWER-A Name the membrane-enclosed compartments in a eukaryotic cell where each of the functions listed below takes place. A. photosynthesis B. transcription C. oxidative phosphorylation D. modification of secreted proteins E. steroid hormone synthesis F. degradation of worn-out organelles G. new membrane synthesis H. breakdown of lipids and toxic molecules - ANSWER-a. Photosynthesis = chloroplast b. Transcription = nucleus c. Oxidative phosphorylation = mitochondrion d. Modification of secreted proteins = Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) e. Steroid hormone synthesis = smooth ER f. Degradation of worn-out organelles = lysosome g. New membrane synthesis = ER h. Breakdown of lipids and toxic molecules = peroxisome For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from the list below. Not all words or phrases will be used; use each word or phrase only once. The __________________ makes up about half of the total cell volume of a typical eukaryotic cell. Ingested materials within the cell will pass through a series of compartments called __________________ on their way to the __________________, which contains digestive enzymes and will ultimately degrade the particles and