Wound Care Exam 1 (1st half) Questions & Answers 100% Correct

Skin Facts - ANSWER-Size: 2 square meters -Weight: 15% TBW -Recieves 1/3 of total circulation. -Largest Organ Skin Functions - ANSWER-Thermoregulation -Protection -Immunity -Sensation -Metabolism -Communication Epidermal Appendages (Skin) - ANSWER-Nails -Hair Follicles -Sweat glands Epidermis (Layers--superficial to deep) - ANSWER-Stratum corneum -stratum lucidum -stratum granulosum stratum spinosum -stratum basle Epidermis - ANSWER-Outermost layer -uniform thickness (except palms/soles = 0.06-0.6 mm) -Stratified squamos epithelial cells ( 20 cells thick; Very young/old have only 12)--> leads to more wounds -5 Layers Stratum Corneum - ANSWER-Top horny Layer -cells elongate -dead keratinized cells -sloughs off and is replaced by cells below Stratum Lucidum - ANSWER-Few Layers of dead keratinocytes Stratum Granulosum - ANSWER-3-5 layers of cells -Diamond Shaped Cells Stratum Spinosum - ANSWER-Prickly Layer -Cells have active nuclei Stratum Basale - ANSWER-AKA- Basal Layer (Stratum Germinativum) -Attached to dermis by basement membrane -Takes 2-4 weeks to migrate upward -Melanocytes Basement Membrane - ANSWER-Separates epidermis from dermis -Rete pegs - point up -Rete ridges - point down -Ancer epidermis to dermis -Flattens with age (leads to ski tears) Langerhans Cells - ANSWER-Produced in bone marrow -migrate to epidermis -Fight bacteria and viral fungal infection -Decrease with Age and UV exposure --> decrease immune function Papillary Dermis - ANSWER-Layer just below the basement membrane -Elastic Fibers -Papillary loops provide nutrients to dermis Reticular Dermis - ANSWER-Forms base of dermis -Thick collagen fibers -Cutaneous blood vessels Important Dermal Cells - ANSWER-Fibroblasts -Macrophages -Mast Cells -Nerve Cells -Epidermal Appendages Fibroblasts (dermal cells) - ANSWER-produce collage and elastin -important for elasticity in would healing Macrophages and WBC (dermal cells) - ANSWER-Regulate Wound Repair process (fight infection) -Phagocytize bacteria -break down damage tissue -synthesize collagenase and elastase (enzymes that break down dead tissue) Mast Cells (dermal cells) - ANSWER-produce histamine -->causes vasodialation -Activate inflammatory response