BCAT Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers

BCAT Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers Motivating Operations (MO) - answerAn environmental variable that alters the reinforcing effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event. Contingency - answerRefers to dependent and/or temporal relations between operant behavior an it's controlling variables. Satiation - answerRepeated presentation of a reinforcer weakens its effectiveness and for this reason the rate of responses declines. Positive Reinforcement - answerA type of reinforcement in which the presentation of the stimulus is contingent upon the response, resulting in an increase in the future probability of that response Negative Reinforcement - answerA type of reinforcement in which removal of a stimulus is contingent on a response, resulting in an increase in the future probability of that response. Positive Punishment - answerA type of punishment in which stimulus presentation is contingent on a response, resulting in the decrease of the future probability of that response Negative Punishment - answerA type of punishment in which stimulus removal is contingent on a response, resulting in the decrease of the future probability of that response. Establishing Operations (EO) - answerIncreases motivation for something and increases likelihood you will try to access that reinforcer Abolishing Operations (AO) - answerDecreases motivation for something and decreases likelihood you will try to access that reinforcer Discriminative Stimulus (SD) - answerA stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced and in the absence of which that response will not be reinf Stimulus Control (Discriminative Control) - answerThe tendency for the target behavior to occur in the presence of the SD (b/c it was reinforced in the past) Discrimination Training - answerTeach the child to respond to/tell the difference between two (or more) SDs. Discrete Trial Training (DTT) - answerA specific method of teaching in which a task is isolated and taught across multiple trials. A specific opportunity (antecedent) is presented and a specific response is expected. A consequence follows the response. Fluency-Based Training - answerTaking an existing skill and increasing accuracy and speed of skill performance in order to develop competence Errorless Learning - answerInvolves early and immediate prompting of the target response so that the learner's response is sure to be correct. Most-to-Least Prompting - answerFading from one type of prompt to another less intrusive prompt. Most assistance to least assistance. Least-to-Most Prompting - answerStaring with a least intrusive prompt possible and the client is not successful, therefore having to move to more intrusive prompts until the client responds. Chaining - answerA chain of sequence of SDs and responses where each response in the sequence (expect for the last one) produces the SD for the next response in the sequence; A complex bx that is comprised of many single responses that occur in a specific sequence Forward Chaining - answerBegin with the first SD-Response component in the chain and then continue forward though the remaining SD-Response components Backward Chaining - answerBegin with the final step, or the last SD-Response component, then move backwards towards the remaining components Total Task Presentation - answerAll of the SD-Response components of the chain are taught during every learning trial. A reinforcer is delivered after each SD-Response component. Shaping - answerSystematically reinforcing successive approximations of a target bx while extinguishing previous approximations. Noncontingent Reinforcer - answerThe delivery of functional reinforcers on a time based schedule, independent of the problem behavior Replacement Behavior - answerOther behaviors or skills taught that are an appropriate substitute for a problem behavior. Escape Extinction - answerPlanned ignoring of the problem behavior maintained by social negative reinforcement (the ability to escape a situation/demand) Attention Extinction - answerPlanned ignoring of the problem behavior maintained by social positive reinforcement (receiving attention from another person) Access to Tangible Extinction - answerPlanned ignoring of the problem behavior maintained by social positive reinforcement (the ability to gain a desired item)