Portage Learning A&P II: Final
Exam QUESTION AND ANSWERS GRADE A+
SOLUTIONS
This is a collection of cell bodies found in the peripheral nervous
system.
Ganglia
This part of the autonomic system increases digestion.
Parasympathetic
The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons?
Motor (Efferent)
This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Axon
An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the:
Central nervous system
Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters.
The neuron cell body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored
in secretory vesicles at the end of axon terminals.
An afferent neuron carries information:
From the peripheral to the central nervous system
What is the location and function of Astrocytes?
Astrocytes form the blood/brain barrier, are found in the brain, and
are part of the CNS
A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then
reattached during surgery. Would the patient be expected to regrow
axons in their thumb? Why or why not?
Yes; Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of the axon through
axonal regeneration because of the growth of Schwann cells ahead of
the axon.
Name and describe what is occurring in the neuron cell membrane in section 2 of the
diagram. Include the charge of the membrane during this phase.
, Depolarization: The sodium gates open and sodium rushes into the axon
during the depolarization phase of the action potential.
Voltage travels past zero and then on up to +40 mV.
At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is:
-70mV
Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the
membrane.
True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of a light touch. This means that
the strength of the action potential is weaker than usual. Explain your reasoning.
False. The action potential is always the same. The frequency and
number of nuerons activated change the increase in intensity.
Which of the following statements is false concerning the neuromuscular junction?
Ach is released from the presynaptic motor neuron to cause an action
potential in the muscle fiber.
How is a message sent from one neuron to another?
A signal travels from the cell body through the axon and releases
neurotransmitters into the synapse. These nuerotransmitters bind with
receptor that carry the message to the dendrite of the next neuron,
and the process begins again.
What neurotransmitter helps regulate emotional responses and muscle
tone?
Dopamine
In a reflex, the ____________ neuron conducts nerve impulses along a
pathway towards the central nervous system.
Sensory (afferent)
This part of a reflex is inside the CNS, made up of one or more
synapses.
The integration center
What is true about the stretch reflex?
The muscle spindle detects stretch within the muscle.
What is true about the flexor withdrawal reflex?
It involves excitatory interneurons.
It involves inhibitory interneurons.
Exam QUESTION AND ANSWERS GRADE A+
SOLUTIONS
This is a collection of cell bodies found in the peripheral nervous
system.
Ganglia
This part of the autonomic system increases digestion.
Parasympathetic
The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons?
Motor (Efferent)
This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Axon
An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the:
Central nervous system
Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters.
The neuron cell body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored
in secretory vesicles at the end of axon terminals.
An afferent neuron carries information:
From the peripheral to the central nervous system
What is the location and function of Astrocytes?
Astrocytes form the blood/brain barrier, are found in the brain, and
are part of the CNS
A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then
reattached during surgery. Would the patient be expected to regrow
axons in their thumb? Why or why not?
Yes; Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of the axon through
axonal regeneration because of the growth of Schwann cells ahead of
the axon.
Name and describe what is occurring in the neuron cell membrane in section 2 of the
diagram. Include the charge of the membrane during this phase.
, Depolarization: The sodium gates open and sodium rushes into the axon
during the depolarization phase of the action potential.
Voltage travels past zero and then on up to +40 mV.
At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is:
-70mV
Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the
membrane.
True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of a light touch. This means that
the strength of the action potential is weaker than usual. Explain your reasoning.
False. The action potential is always the same. The frequency and
number of nuerons activated change the increase in intensity.
Which of the following statements is false concerning the neuromuscular junction?
Ach is released from the presynaptic motor neuron to cause an action
potential in the muscle fiber.
How is a message sent from one neuron to another?
A signal travels from the cell body through the axon and releases
neurotransmitters into the synapse. These nuerotransmitters bind with
receptor that carry the message to the dendrite of the next neuron,
and the process begins again.
What neurotransmitter helps regulate emotional responses and muscle
tone?
Dopamine
In a reflex, the ____________ neuron conducts nerve impulses along a
pathway towards the central nervous system.
Sensory (afferent)
This part of a reflex is inside the CNS, made up of one or more
synapses.
The integration center
What is true about the stretch reflex?
The muscle spindle detects stretch within the muscle.
What is true about the flexor withdrawal reflex?
It involves excitatory interneurons.
It involves inhibitory interneurons.
