Bio 2300 Unit 2 Latest Update 100% Correct

Bio 2300 Unit 2 Latest Update 100% Correct Mid Brain Short section of the brain stem between the diancephalon and the pons. Functions of Mid Brain Includes masses of gray matter that serve as reflex centers. Responsible for visual reflexes like moving eyes when head turns. Contains the auditory reflex centers like moving head to hear sound better. Medulla Oblongata Portion of the brain between the pons and the spinal cord. Function of Medulla Oblongata All nerve fibers connected to the brain and spine must pass through it. It's covered by white matter. Nuclei in it control vital visceral activities like the cardiac center, vasomotor, and respiratory centers. Pons The rounded buldge on the underside of the brain stem, where it seperates the midbrain from the medulla oblongata. Function of Pons Nuclei in pons relay sensory impulses from peripheral nerves to higher brain centers. Regulate the rate and depth of breathing. Functions of the Vertebral Column -Protection of the Spinal Cord -Support weight of the body -Site for Muscle Attachment -Controls and limits torso movement How many Cervical Vertebrae 7 How many Thoracic Vertebrae 12 How many Lumbar Vertebrae 5 How many Sacral Vertebrae 5 (fused into Sacrum) How many Coccygeal Vertebrae 1-4 (fused as the Coccyx) Intervertebral Discs Separate individual vertebrae Primary Curvatures -Develop during the fetal period -Thoracic/Sacral Region -Concave Anteriorly Secondary Curvatures -Develop after birth -Cervical/Lumbar Regions -Concave Posteriorly Lumbosacral Angle Smaller in females, allows for the opening in the birth canal. Anterior Side of Vertebrae Vertebral Body Posterior Side of Vertebrae Spinous Process Lateral Side of Vertebrae Transverse Process Features that form Vertebral/Neural Arch -Lamina -Pedicles Spinal Cord passageway Vertebral Foramen