MSN 6305 FINAL EXAM prep || with Complete Solutions.

What are the best nondairy food strategies for achieving sufficient calcium intake? correct answers Dark leafy greens and beans. Is it true that people who consume large amounts of calcium from childhood onward will experience the greatest protection against osteoporosis-related fractures? correct answers Research has consistently shown this to be UNTRUE. People in nations with the highest dairy & calcium intakes have the highest rates of osteoporosis-related fractures, not the lowest. (Often times also combined with high meat/dairy intake and sedentary lifestyle). Extra calcium has even in some studies shown to increase risk of fractures, despite increased bone density. What has high consumption of dairy products been linked to? correct answers Development of ovarian and prostate cancer - particularly metastatic and fatal prostate cancer. What does appear to make strong, healthy bones? correct answers Vitamin D and weight-bearing exercise. Children are encouraged to enjoy outdoor activities (exercise plus vitamin D) more so than consuming dairy products so long as calcium requirements are met. Why are potatoes and fruit juices often placed in separate categories by dietary guidelines? correct answers Often, dietary guidance rules place fruit juices and potatoes in separate categories, because of dietary directives to eat whole fruits and minimize consumption of foods high in fat and sodium, i.e., French fries. According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010, nutrients of concern in the American diet include ? correct answers potassium, dietary fiber, calcium, and vitamin D. Energy density and intake are also important issues in the American diet. What is Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC)? correct answers Capacity for clearing reactive oxygen species. Many F/V have high ORAC values. (I.E: collards, kale, brocolli. carrot, watermelon, berries, onion, potatoes, etc.) How many servings of F/V are recommended by US government per day? correct answers 5 but bumping up to 6 would prevent many diseases (reduction of 31% for ischemic stroke, reduction of 19% for ischemic heart disease). (Worldwide mortality from inadequate consumption of F/V is estimated at 2.6 million deaths per year). What are the leading dietary risk factors for mortality? correct answers Diets high in sodium, low in whole grains, low in fruit, low in nuts and seeds, low in veg, and low in Omega 3 FAs. Each accounting for more than 2% of global deaths. (Global Burden of Disease 2019 paper). Current dietary guidelines work to target foods groups that should be minimized (sugar, fat, sodium, etc.) however, it is possible that what may work better? correct answers The promotion to consume more of foods in which current intake is less than optimal such as increasing vegetable intake and whole grains. (Worldwide a diet low in whole grains most common dietary risk factor for deaths and DALYs - Disability Adjusted Life Years).