CMSRN Exam Study Guide | 2024 Questions & Answers | 100% Correct | Verified

what type of hyponatremia is most common, results from excessive fluid intake and leads to decreased serum sodium concentration? - dilutional hypotnatremia symptoms of diltuional hyponatremia - edema, confusion, weight gain treatment of dilutional hyponatremia - fluid restriction what type of hyponatremia results from fluid and sodium loss? - true hyponatremia symptoms of true hyponatremia - dry tissue, weight loss, hypotension, tachycardia treatment of true hyponatremia - replace sodium AND water (NS or LR) causes of true hyponatremia - burns, hemorrhage, adrenal insufficiency what type of sodium imbalance is caused by decreased fluid intake or water loss without loss of sodium? - hypernatremia causes of hypernatremia - fever, IVF with sodium, DI, high protein TF symptoms of hypernatremia - dry tissues, weight gain, thirst, tachycardia, oliguria treatment of hypernatremia - decrease sodium, replace fluids which electrolyte does sodium work with? - chloride - works to maintain acid/base balancewhich labs are most important to watch with potassium abnormalities? - renal what does potassium have an inverse relationship with? - PH, insulin, calcium causes of hyperkalemia - cell wall destruction, increased intake, potassium sparing diuretics, renal failure, acidosis symptoms of hyperkalemia - irritable muscles, cardiac arrhythmias, hyperactive bowels, bladder treatment of hyperkalemia - limit intake, kaexylate, calcium gluconate, IV glucose and insulin, dialysis what electrolyte imbalance should you avoid green leafy vegetables and citrus fruits? - hyperkalemia what electrolyte are avocado, dried fruits, and potato skins high in? - potassium causes of hypokalemia - vomiting, diarrhea, DKA, prolonged NG suctio