Science Olympiad Road Scholar Exam Questions With Verified Answers

Science Olympiad Road Scholar Exam Questions With Verified Answers How are distances computed, in general? (That is, as the crow flies or straight line distance) - answermap bar scale What is the primary method of computing distances along state highways? - answerDistances between junctions and towns (black numbers) Primary method of distance along U.S. Federal Highways? - answerRed Pointers Primary method of distance along Interstate Freeways? - answerSubtract exit numbers What is the map (usually appears in the corner of another map) that shows an enhanced view of a part of the bigger map called? - answermap inset Where, in general, are state capitals located? - answerThe central part of the state If multiple route markers appear on the same road symbol, what does this indicate? - answerseveral highways sharing the same roadway In what two ways are roads classified on a highway map? - answerdesignation or capacity What are 2 examples of types of features/information can city maps show that state maps can't? - answermajor roads within the given area, freeway interchange detail Which way do 2-digit even numbered interstate highways run? - answereast-west Which way do 2-digit odd numbered interstate highways run? - answernorth-south What is a city containing a county government called? - answercounty seat What is a city containing a state government called? - answerstate capital Three-digit numbered interstates with an even first digit (like I-270) generally divert through traffic around major cities (like St. Louis). What is one name that is given to such a road? - answerbeltway What is an azimuth? - answerThe degrees out from the center of the map. What is bearing? - answerThe degrees out from the center of the map. What is the sector reference system? - answerIt is a system used for finding an specific area of a map, with 4 quadrants each with four quadrants. What is the azimuth for North? - answer0° or 360° What is the azimuth for South? - answer180° What is the azimuth for East? - answer90° What is the azimuth for West? - answer90° or 270° How are distances computed in general? - answermap bar scale In general, where are state capitals located? - answerthe central part of a state Inset map - answera map that shows a smaller area of another map blown up. Do even-numbered, 2-digit highways run north-south or east-west? - answereast-west Do odd-numbered, 2-digit highways run north-south or east-west? - answernorth-south Three-digit numbered interstates with an even first digit (like I-270) generally divert through traffic around major cities (like St. Louis). What name is given to such a road? - answerbeltway, bypass, outer belt, circumferential highway A road map is an example of a planimetric map. What does the term "planimetric" mean? - answercontains no elevation data (contours, spots, bench marks) Interstate and federal highways going around densely populated small towns (like Rolla or Pacific) occasionally have business loops associated with them. What is a business loop? - answerto provide access to the main/central/core business district (restaurants, hotels, shops, etc.) of a town that would normally be bypassed by the road Contour patterns indicate what kinds of topographical features? - answerhills, saddles, depressions/basins, cliffs, ridges, quarries, strip mines, sink holes (karst topography), stream valleys, waterfalls Contour values are _____________ multiples of the contour interval. - answerintegral or whole number Do contours on opposite sides of a stream have the same value or different values? Why? - answersame; contours are paired across drains (last contour crossed descending one side of stream valley is first one crossed ascending other side) conformal - answerscale is the same in every direction from any point the deviation of this reading from true North (geographic North) called - answermagnetic declination How an airline pilot makes use of azimuths - answerto calculate the flight azimuth (geographic or magnetic) from North reference between his origin and destination points In the Sector Reference System, a USGS 1:24,000 scale topographic map is divided into many parts (sectors). How many? - answer9 parts In the Public Land Survey System, the dimensions and area of a township? - answer6 miles x 6 miles; 36 square miles n the Public Land Survey System, what are the dimensions and area of a section? - answer1 mile x 1 mile; 1 square mile acres in a PLSS section - answer640 acres In the Public Land Survey System, the dimensions and area of a ¼ - section? - answer½ mile x ½ mile; ¼ square mile or 160 acres equal-area - answerareas on map are proportional to corresponding areas on Earth equidistant - answerdistances are true only from center of projection or along a special set of lines rhumb line - answerline cutting all meridians at the same angle; line of constant direction (not necessarily the shortest distance between two points) the dimensions of a sector - answer2.5' by 2.5' What do hachures on a contour indicate? - answerdownhill side of a depression contour How do the calculation and expression of a stream gradient compare with the calculation and expression of a slope gradient? - answerthey are calculated the same way, but expressed differently Contours crossing drains make "U-turns" as they do so. What are the "U-turns" called? - answerContour turnbacks Do contour "U-turns" point upstream or downstream? - answerupstream What does a bench mark indicate? - answera point whose elevation has been precisely determined Contours that coalesce (that is, "pile up") are indicated by what symbol? - answercliff, bluff, escarpment