(Gerontology Exam 2) Basic Geriatric Nursing: chapters 10, 11, 12. GRDAED A+

(Gerontology Exam 2) Basic Geriatric Nursing: chapters 10, 11, 12. impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area (impairing speaking) or to Wernicke's area (impairing understanding). - correct answers aphasia - Excessively emotional responses. - the person over-reacts to something that would cause a healthy person minimal or no stress; the person becomes very agitated and may begin to scream - correct answers catastrophic reactions all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating - includes: intelligence, memory, language, and decision making. - correct answers cognition a mental state characterized by disorientation regarding time, place, or person that leads to bewilderment, perplexity, lack of orderly thought and the inability to choose or act desisivly and to perform ADLs. - correct answers confusion ability to perform tasks and make judgement based on the knowledge and experience acquired throughout a lifetime. aka wisdom. - correct answers crystallized intelligence - mental disorder characterized by disturbances in cognition, attention, memory, and perception. - sxs include: confusion, disorientation, restlessness, clouding of consciousness, incoherence, fear, anxiety, and excitement. - Often characterized by illusions, hallucinations, usually of visual origin; and at times, delusions. - correct answers delirium a general term for a permanent or progressive organic mental disorder characterized by personality changes, confusion, disorientation, and deterioration of intellectual functioning and by impaired control of memory, judgement, and impulses. - correct answers Dementia difficult poorly articulated speech resulting from interference in the control and execution over the muscles of speech, usually caused by neurologic damage. - correct answers Dysarthia difficulty swallowing - correct answers dysphagia aka aphasia - correct answers dysphasia vision loss in half of the visual field of one or both eyes - correct answers hemianopsia the potential ability and capacity to acquire, retain, and apply experience, understanding, knowledge, reasoning, and judgement in coping with new experiences and solving problems. - correct answers intelligence the mental faculty or power that enables one to retain and recall, through unconscious associative processes, previously experienced sensations, impressions, ideas, concepts, and all information that has been consciously learned. - correct answers memory hereditary condition of the bony labyrinth of the ear in which there is formation of spongy bone, resulting in hearing loss. - correct answers otosclerosis the conscious recognition and interpretation of sensory stimuli that serve as a basis for understanding, learning, and knowing, or for motivating a particular action or reaction. - correct answers Perception Found in older people, farsightedness resulting from a loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye and resulting in a decrease in the power of accommodation. - correct answers presbyopia Things that excite or incite an organism or part to function, become active, or respond. - correct answers Stimuli A condition in which persons with cognitive impairment (e.g., people with Alzheimer disease) and older people tend to become confused or disorientated at the end of the day, exhibiting such behaviors as wandering, combativeness, suspiciousness, hallucinations, and delusions. - correct answers sundowning syndrome 1. Environment excites/stimulates the senses. 2. Senses pass the stimuli to the cerebral cortex where recognition (perception) and interpretation (cognition) occur. - Specific regions of the cerebral cortex are responsible for detecting and processing stimuli acquired by var senses. - Malfunction of the sensory organs or the interpretation centers in the brain results in distributed perception and cognition. - correct answers Describe normal sensory and cognitive function. (chapter 10) - Visual changes: farsightedness (caused by presbyopia), decreased ability to respond to changes in light which result in night blindness, cataracts (cloud the lens and glare sensitivity). - Auditory changes: loss of hearing acuity particularly of higher pitch sounds (presbycusis), loss of hearing from decreased sound transmission (otosclerosis), and ringing in the ears (tinnitus) which can be caused by Meniere's disease or age-related changes or even medications. older adults are increasing susceptible to misperception and therefore misinterpretation when one or