General Surgery EOR Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

General Surgery EOR Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass SIRS criteria - Answer- temp <36 >38 HR >90 Tachypnea >20 or PCO2 <32 WBC <4000 >12,000 SIRS - Answer- 2 criteria Sepsis - Answer- 2 criteria + source of infx Severe Sepsis - Answer- 2 criteria + source of infx + organ dysfx Septic Shock - Answer- 2 criteria + source of infx + organ dysfx + hypotension (ref) What is Ranson's Criteria? - Answer- Admission/severity criteria of acute pancreatitis glucose>200 age>55 LDH>350 AST>250 WBC>16,000 What are gallstones made of? - Answer- cholesterol also, salt and bilirubin Murphy's Sign? - Answer- hypersensitivity to deep palpation to subcostal area with deep inspiration *cholecystitis* Boa's Sign? - Answer- hypersensitivity below right scapula d/t irritation of phrenic nerve *cholecystitis* Charcot's Triad? - Answer- Fever, RUQ pain, Jaundice *ascending cholangitis* Reynold's Pentad? - Answer- Fever, RUQ pain, Jaundice, AMS, hypotension *supperative ascending cholangitis* TOC for high clinical suspicion for cholangitis? - Answer- ERCP (diagnostic and therapeutic) Treatment for choledocholithiasis? - Answer- biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy (BES) cholecystectomy MC post op complication in patients with DM I? - Answer- hypoglycemia What is most likely to occur in those with adrenal insufficiency postop? - Answer- addisonian crisis Signs of addisonian crisis? - Answer- abd pain tachycardia N/V/F lethargy hypotension hypovolemic shock How far before surgery should smokers quit smoking? - Answer- at least 2 weeks preferably 8 weeks Causes of postop fever? - Answer- wind (atelectasis) 24-48 hrs water (UTIs) 48-72 hrs wound POD#5+/after 72 hrs/3-4 days walking (DVTs) thought to start at anesthesia induction wonder drugs (sulfa drugs, anesthetics) 1 wk Why is dextrose added to maintenance fluid? - Answer- to inhibit muscle breakdown When does a patient's fluid return back to the intravascular space? - Answer- POD#3 What is the major intracellular and extracellular ions? - Answer- K+ intracellular Na+ extracellular Major causes of hyperkalemia? - Answer- blood transfusion renal failure diuretics/ACEIs acidosis tissue destruction (burns/injury/hemolysis) EKG findings of hyperkalemia vs hypokalemia? - Answer- hyperK: peaked T waves, widened QRS hypoK: U waves, flattened T waves PE findings of hyperkalemia? - Answer- decreased DTRs paralysis respiratory failure Hyperkalemia is associated with which acid base disorder? - Answer- metabolic acidosis Signs of hypokalemia? - Answer- *ileus