OSAT 105 Early Childhood Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers

OSAT 105 Early Childhood Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers Sensorimotor Period: Birth to 1 month - answerinfants learn to comprehend environment through inborn reflexes Sensorimotor Period: 1-4 months - answerinfants start coordinating physical sensations with new schemas Sensorimotor Period: 4-8 months - answerinfants repeat rewarding actions - now focused on things in the environment they can affect Sensorimotor Period: 8-12 months - answerinfants begin exploring their surroundings Sensorimotor Period: 12-18 months - answerchildren begin experimenting - trial and error Sensorimotor Period: 18-24 months - answer- Children begin representing objects and events with symbols - begin to understand the world via not only actions but mental operations Preoperational Stage of Cognitive Development - answer- 2-6 years old - symbolic representation - play pretend/make believe - intuitive thinking - "egocentric" cannot adopt another point of view schema - answermental concepts that represent elements of the environment (category or class of things) assimilation - answerwhen we fit something into an existing schema (mental concept) accomadation - answeradapting one's current understanding (schemas) to incorporate new information conservation - answerthe principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects Sociocultural Theory - answeremphasizes that cognitive dev. is enhanced through social interactions between members of a culture zone of proximal development - answerthe difference between what children can do with assistance and what they can do alone scaffolding - answerthe support for learning and problem solving that encourages independence and growth self-actualization - answerthe process by which people achieve their full potential Erikson's stages of psychosocial development - answer1. trust vs. mistrust 2. autonomy vs. shame and doubt 3. initiative vs. guilt 4. industry vs. inferiority 5. identity vs. role confusion 6. intimacy vs. isolation 7. generativity vs. stagnation 8. integrity vs. despair Trust vs. Mistrust - answerbirth - 18 months: infants learn to trust when they are cared for consistently and predictably Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - answer18 months - 3 years: toddlers learn independence, become more self-sufficient or doubt their abilities in activities Initiative vs. Guilt - answerErikson's third stage in which the child finds independence in planning, playing and other activities Industry vs. Inferiority - answerErikson's stage between 6 and 11 years, when the child learns to be productive - build things, discover, figure out how stuff works In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which stages occur during early childhood, i.e., from birth to the age of 8 years? - answerSensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operations During Piaget's Sensorimotor stage of cognitive development, which occurs last? - answerTertiary Circular Reactions In order to achieve ___________, Piaget said children accomplish ____________ and _____________ as processes included in the larger process of ____________. - answerEquilibrium, assimilation, accommodation, adaptation A schema is best defined as a: - answermental construct