C100-Neoclassical Period with 100% correct answers(latest update)

Neoclassical Period Age of Enlightenment Age of Englightenment period in which a notable shift towards rational thinking and advancement occurred in science, philosophy, society and politics. Neoclassical Period & Enlightenment CORDES- (classical cords) Classicism, Order, Rationalism, Deism, Empiricism, Skepticism (reaction to the head knowledge of renaissance and now new classical) Skepticism this type of philosophical school was prominent during the Enlightenment to ensure that philosophers reached conclusions based on reason, not prejudice. can't trust reason alone. All knowledge should be questioned, especially that based on tradition or superstition. Logic can be prejudice Satire - break down ideas passed on by prejudice Rationalism Role of reason over senses to gain knowledge. This philosophy also put an emphasis on the role of reason as the key to knowledge. Reason is how you gain knowledge Empiricism First developed in the Renaissance by scientists such as Francis Bacon, it may be defined as basing ideas and theories on the direct experience of the senses, including experimentation, as opposed to knowledge gained from books. knowledge based on observation, then experimenting Order Enlightenment thinkers and leaders sought to design political and social order that reflected natural laws and God's will. World is rational, even God could be understood. All mysteries can be solved with patient and unbiased reasoning Deism a belief system that credits God as the original architect of the universe's natural laws but who does not currently oversee the events of the world. God=Watchmaker created the universe and natural laws it operates by, but doesn't intervene in life Religion based on reason and logic Classicisim In the arts, a resurgence of classical ideals like harmony, realism, and reason inspired the Neoclassical movement. looked at Classical period for standards of logic, clarity, and order Enlightenment Period heralded a new willingness to question authority in all areas of life. Scientific discoveries increased rapidly, and the questioning of the monarchy led to political reform and revolution. In religion, skeptics increasingly challenged the authority of organized religion and attempted to find a basis for morality outside religion altogether. Enlightenment Period rise of deism, the belief that a God had created and designed the world but did not directly intervene in its affairs. This deist belief was also called the "watchmaker God," a reference to a watchmaker's role in creating a watch but relative neglect once completed and events set into action. Enlightenment Period Disciplines such as natural history, modern science, and natural law were all born out of this period. Such ideas as the separation of church and state, religious tolerance, and free speech also started. Enlightenment Period In this period, Thomas Jefferson drafted The Declaration of Independence. He served as the third President of the United States and founded the University of Virginia. Enlightenment Philosophy Rationalists believed that human reason is the key to knowledge. Empiricists believed that all knowledge is derived through our senses and based on ideas and theories on testing, observation, and experience. Skepticism departed from both rationalism and empiricism in that it criticized our ability to perceive and understand the world around us, acknowledging the limitations of human reasoning. Jean-Jacques Rousseau This Enlightenment Philosopher believed that the native peoples encountered through trade and colonization were, in some ways, morally superior, arguing that a person is at his or her best in wholly natural environments and is corrupted by the environments of society. Denis Diderot This Enlightenment Philosopher helped create the greatest encyclopedia in the 18th century. He wrote philosophical dialogues that explored the theory and consequence of materialism: the idea that the universe is entirely composed of matter and without a God. Encyclopédie represented a fundamental principle of the Enlightenment: to accumulate, codify, and preserve human knowledge by providing rational information on important topics to the general public. John Locke This Enlightenment Philosopher was one of the most influential philosophers and political theorists in British history. Many current ideas about selfhood, identity, and the way the mind works come from Locke. Locke also wrote highly influential books on government, providing a basis for the American political experiment