Life 103 Exam 1 CSU Questions And Answers With Verified Study Solutions

Evolution - The change in allele frequencies in a population over time Selection - Changes in allele frequencies due to organisms with advantageous alleles reproducing more successfully than organisms with other alleles Genetic Drift - Random changes in allele frequencies in a population Mutation - The source of all new allelic diversity Migration - Movement of alleles between populations Adaptation - A trait that evolves by selection for a particular function (because it increases fitness) from an ancestor that did not have that trait What are the different types of adaptations? - Morphological, behavioral, molecular Morphological adaptations - A type of adaptation that affects the structure of an organism (web feet). Behavioral adaptation - Things organisms do to survive Molecular adaptation - A molecular change to improve a population's fitness Phylogeny - The evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms (species level and higher) Phylogenetic tree - Diagram of the ancestral relationships among species; describes patterns, provides info about when certain large events may have occurredTaxonomy - The ordered division and naming of organisms Who first published a system of taxonomy? - Carl Linnaeus Binomial - The two-part scientific name of a species What is the first part of a binomial called? - Genus What is the second part of a binomial called - Specific epithet What is the literary structure of a binomial? - Genus's first letter is capitalized, entire species italicized What are the taxonomic groups from most inclusive to most narrow? - Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species What is a taxonomic unit referred to as? - Taxon What does every phylogenetic tree have? - Ancestral population, descendant population (each with different traits) What type of evidence/data can we use to reconstruct a tree? - Morphological traits, behavior, chemical composition, chromosome #, DNA What is the evidence used to construct trees referred to as? - Characters Branch Point - Represents the divergence of two speciesSister Taxa - Groups that share an immediate common ancestor A rooted tree - Includes a branch to represent the last common ancestor of all taxa in the tree Polytomy - A branch from which more than two groups emerge Monophletic group - Includes a single common ancestor and all of its descendants