Contemporary Issues in Biology Final ~ TCU, Sawey Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Contemporary Issues in Biology Final ~ TCU, Sawey Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass scopes trial in 1925 - Answer- -general science teacher who broke the law in tennessee against teaching "any story that denies the story of the divine creation of man as taught in the bible, and to teach that man has descended from a lower order animal" -found guilty and fined -since this trial, US supreme court has ruled in favor of teaching evolution in public schools galileo - Answer- -exposed that the earth wasnt the center of the universe and that the earth orbited the sun -didnt agree with the catholic church -house arrest for last 9 years of his life the big bang theory - Answer- the earth was formed 4.6 billion years ago, dated with radioisotope clocks one of the top unanswered questions - Answer- how and where did life arise on earth # of known species on earth - Answer- ~1,750,000 what do varieties of domesticated animals result from - Answer- darwin said they resulted from artificial selection evolution by natural selection - Answer- -individuals within species are variable (genetic variation) -some variation passed on to offspring (heritable) -more offspring produced than can survive -survival and reproduction isnt random ingredients for evolution - Answer- -long time -genetic variability -agents of natural selection (disease, water, predators, temperature) --> extinction is evidence -inheritance of selected traits -anatomical evidence of common descent "lucy" - Answer- 3.2 million year old ancestor of humans; found in ethiopia in 1974 "ardi" - Answer- breakthrough in 2009; 4.4 million year old human ancestory; found in ethiopia how long have homo-sapiens been on earth - Answer- thought to be 200,000 years, starting in ethiopia mutation - Answer- change in nucleotide in the base of DNA; not all harmful; passed down in generations of that descent genetic markers - Answer- -men --> track Y chromosome from father to son -women --> track mitochondrial DNA passed from mother to daughter in the egg all living humans are related to... - Answer- a single woman who lived roughly 150,000 years ago in africa chromosomes of today's non-africans.. - Answer- first carried out of africa by hunter gatherer ancestors 50,000 to 70,000 years ago when did humans establish themselves worldwide - Answer- 12,000 years ago; before humans and agriculture coincided how did humans live before agriculture - Answer- used tools (needles, spears, clothes) and lived in small groups spread out of large areas of land when were large cities and civilizations possible - Answer- after we domesticated wild plants and animals and developed agriculture systems domesticated plant or animal - Answer- modified from its wild ancestors for its use by humans early domestication was unintentional - Answer- seeds brought back by hunter gatherers foraging in the wild grew by accident in large latrines and garbage dumps later domestication was conscious - Answer- scientists planted many different seeds, selected the best progeny and planted their seeds domestic crops - Answer- selected for maximum productivity and had little natural pest resistance pest attack problems - Answer- due to not selecting pest resistance during domestication DDT - Answer- invented as a pesticide but then pests became resistant (natural selection) --> selection pressure towards pesticides biomagnification - Answer- concentration of pesticides in higher levels of food chains bald eagle problems over time - Answer- -egg shells thin and broke easily -number of young produced by each pair reduced -became endangered -banned ddt and then # of bald eagles increased world's leading producer of genetically modified crops - Answer- USA GMO - Answer- -genetically modified organism -genes are inserted that change the characteristics of the plant or animal -sometimes gene come from another organism... this is transgenic controversy over GMO's - Answer- -in regard to transgenic GMO's because this can introduce toxins into food crops -consequences of "tinkering with nature" current food crisis - Answer- -by 2050, additional 2 billion pe