Anatomy and Physiology- Chapter 1.docx

Anatomy - correct answer study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another Physiology - correct answer study of the function of the body- how the body parts work together Gross Anatomy - correct answer the study of large body structures visible to the naked eye Microscopic Anatomy - correct answer anatomy of structures too small to be seen without the aid of a microscope Cellular Anatomy - correct answer considers the cells of the body Histology - correct answer Considers the tissues of the body Developmental Anatomy - correct answer traces the structural changes in individual from conception through old age Pathological Anatomy - correct answer study of gross and microscopic structural changes in the body caused by disease Radiographic Anatomy - correct answer the study of internal structures of the body by means of x-ray images Molecular biology - correct answer the study of the structure of biological molecules that provide the fundamental link between structure and function Topics of physiology - correct answer Renal physiology, Neurophysiology, Cardiac physiology, other organ system physiology. Superior - correct answer towards the head end or upper part of structure of the body Inferior - correct answer Away from the head end or towards the lower part of a structure of the body; below Anterior - correct answer towards or at the front of the body; in front of Posterior - correct answer towards or at the back of the body; behind Medial - correct answer towards or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of Lateral - correct answer away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of Intermediate - correct answer between a more medial and a more lateral structure Proximal - correct answer closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk Distal - correct answer farther from the origin of a body part of the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk Superficial (external) - correct answer towards or at the body surface Deep (internal) - correct answer away from the body surface; more internal Levels of Structural Organization - correct answer Circulatory System ( Cardiovascular System) - correct answer blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc.. heart pumps blood Respiratory System - correct answer keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide the gaseous exchanges occur through the walls o the air sacs of the lungs Nervous Systems - correct answer fast-acting control system of the body; responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands. Oral and Digestive Cavity - correct answer teeth and tongue Nasal cavity - correct answer part of the respiratory system passageways Orbital cavities - correct answer eyes Middle ear cavities - correct answer auditory bones Synovial cavities - correct answer joint cavities with synovial fluid for joint lubrication Abdominopelvic Regions - correct answer Umbilical, Epigastric, Hypograstic, Iliac (right/left), Lumbar (right/left), Hypochondriac The Four Abdominopelvic Quadrants - correct answer Right Upper, Left Upper, Right Lower, Left Lower Urinary System - correct answer eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body, regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood Digestive System - correct answer breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells; indigestible food are eliminated as feces Integumentary System - correct answer forms the external body covering; protects deeper tissues from injury; synthesizes vitamin D; sight of cutaneous ( pain, pressure, etc) receptors and sweat and oil glands Skeletal System - correct answer protects and supports body organs; provides a framework the muscles use to cause moment. blood cells are formed within bones; stores minerals Muscular System - correct answer allows manipulation of the environment locomotion and facial expression, maintains posture and produces heat Endocrine System - correct answer glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells Lymphatic System/Immunity - correct answer picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and return it to blood, disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream, houses white blood cells (lymphocytes) involved in immunity. the immune response mounts to attack against foreign substances within the body Serous Membranes - correct answer Dorsal and Ventral Body Cavities and their Subdivisions - correct answer Homeostasis - correct answer maintenance of stable internal conditions; dynamic state of equilibrium Homeostatic Control Mechanism - correct answer