NR503 - Epidemiology Final.docx

exposed incidence - correct answer incidence of new cases of disease in persons who were exposed exposed incidence equation - correct answer number exposed with disease / total number exposed unexposed incidence - correct answer incidence of new cases of disease in persons who were not exposed unexposed incidence equation - correct answer number unexposed with disease / total number of unexposed incidence of disease - correct answer measure of risk; total number in population with disease divided by total number of population incidence of disease equation - correct answer number with disease / total population relative risk - correct answer risk of disease in one group versus another; risk of developing disease after exposure; 1 = no risk relative risk equation - correct answer # exposed with disease/total of all exposed // # unexposed with disease/total all unexposed odds ratio - correct answer measure of exposure and disease outcome commonly used in case control studies odds ratio equation - correct answer R(exposed)/1-R(exposed) / R(unexposed)/1-R(unexposed) prevalence - correct answer number of cases of a disease in a given time regardless of when it began prevalence equation - correct answer (persons with disease / total pop) x1000 attributable risk - correct answer difference in disease in those exposed and unexposed, calculated from prospective data; directly attributed to exposure (if exposure gone, disease gone) attributable risk equation - correct answer R(exposed) - R(unexposed) crude birth rate - correct answer number of live births per 1000 people in population crude birth rate equation - correct answer (# of births/estimated mid-year population) x1000 crude death rate - correct answer the number of deaths per 1000 people in population crude death rate equation - correct answer (# of deaths/estimated mid-year population) x1000 fetal death rate - correct answer number of fetal deaths (20+ wk gestation) per 1000 live births fetal death rate equation - correct answer (# of fetal deaths / # of live births+fetal deaths) x1000 annual mortality rate - correct answer usually an expression of a specific disease or can be all causes per 1000 people for a year annual mortality rate equation - correct answer (# of deaths of all causes(or specific disease) / mid-yr population) x1000 case fatality rate - correct answer the percentage of individuals who have specific disease and diet within specific time after diagnosis case fatality rate equation - correct answer (# of persons dying from disease after diagnosis or set period / # of persons with disease) x1000 primary prevention - correct answer preventing initial development of disease; action taken to prevent development of a disease in person who is well, does not have disease secondary prevention - correct answer early detection of existing disease to reduce severity and complications (or) identifying people in whom disease process has already begun, but who have not developed symptoms tertiary prevention - correct answer reducing impact of disease (or) preventing complications in those who have already developed signs and symptoms of an illness, have been diagnosed T OR F: prevention and treatment of single specific disease are exclusive activities that do not occur together when providing care to patient - correct answer False iceberg concept - correct answer in counting incidence and prevalence of disease it is not sufficient to count only clinically apparent cases, but those who are asymptomatic or exposed without infection clinical disease - correct answer disease characterized by signs and symptoms preclinical disease - correct answer disease that is not yet clinically apparent, but is destined to progress to clinical disease subclinical disease - correct answer disease that is not clinical apparent, not destined to become clinically apparent