Tattoo License Test NYC Exam Questions and Answers

Tattoo License Test NYC Exam Questions and Answers Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) The last stage of infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which most often results in severe damage to the body's immunse system Applicator A term referring to either single-use and reusable spatula or similar devices Antiseptic A chemical agent that destroys or inhibits microorganisms on skin or tissue and has an effect of limiting optimally preventing infection Autoclave Equipment used for the sterilization of heat resistant instruments Bacteria Microscopic organisms that are too small to be visible to the naked eye. They are capable of causing infection when a person is exposed to them under certain circumstances, such as through abraded skin (eg. staphylococci, streptococci) Bacterial Spores Some microorganisms are able to survive in very harsh conditions by enveloping themselves with this thick wall. They make bacteria highly resistant to killing. If they are introduced to the body where conditions become more favorable—when there's more water or more food available—the bacteria "come to life" again, transforming from a spore back to a vegetative cell that can cause serious infection. They can be destroyed by sterilization only Blood borne infections Infections caused by viruses found in the blood such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Body Fluids Fluids normally present in the body such as blood, mucous, sweat, oil, saliva, urine, ooze from a festering sore, or tears. They may contain infectious organisms. Cleaning Refers to the process of removing blood, other body fluids, organic material, tissue, and dirt from the surface of an object by scrubbing with a brush, detergent and water. It greatly reduces the number of microorganisms (including bacterial endospores) on items and is a crucial step in processing. If items haven't first been cleaned, further processing might not be effective. Contamination A disinfected or sterile item or surface that becomes soiled with microorganisms Cross-contamination The transfer of microorganisms from one surface to another or from something contaminated to something clean or sterile Detergent A substance that enhances the cleaning action of water (preferably warm/hot) or another liquid. Disinfectant A chemical agent that destroys microorganisms, but does not necessarily kill all microbial forms on inanimate objects Disinfection A process that destroys or kills some, but not all, disease-producing microorganism on an object or surface. (Does not kill spores) Gloves Protective equipment that must be worn to protect against exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials. Disposable gloves are single use that are disposed after each use. Most popular are made from latex, but hypo-allergenic gloves, glove liners, powder less gloves, or other alternatives are available for those allergic, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) Infection of the liver, can cause a life long infection, cirrhosis (scarring), cancer, liver failure, death. Takes 6 weeks to 6 months to produce infection when the virus enters the body Hepatitis C virus (HCV) Infection of liver cells, 6 weeks to 6 months to produce infection once virus is present, found in the blood of person with disease. Spread by contact with blood of infected person. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Virus that causes AIDS. Takes from 1 to 6 months for blood to test positive for antibodies after virus enters the body. Immunization Method to produce immunity (protection from infection) using vaccines Infection Condition resulting from presence and multiplication of microorganisms in the body. Not all show signs of symptoms but it is still transmittable Infection control Practices and strategies that aim to minimize the risk of spreading infections, prevents client to client, client to tattooist, and tattooist to client spreading. Infectious waste Includes human waste, animal waste, and objects and materials contaminated with blood or bodily fluids with disease causing microorganisms or viruses. Items saturated in blood, needles and syringes and other shapes should be handled with precaution Instrument Tool used to perform a specific function (ie needle) usually made from stainless steel to withstand heat during sterilization Latex Natural rubber made from sap of tree, (gloves made from) Latex Allergy Reaction to protein in sap of tree. Microorganism Aka a germ, bacteria, virus, or fungus Mucous membrane Sheets of tissue that line various openings of the body such as the mouth, nose, eyes, or genitals Pathogen Microorganism that can cause disease in humans Regulated infectious waste All waste, visibly dripping with blood that could potentially be contaminated with disease causing microorganisms, presents a recognized infectious hazard to waste disposal workers and environment if appropriate precautions are not used Reusable Instrument designated by manufacturer as suitable for reprocessing and reuse. Sharps Any article that can pierce the skin and cause punctures or cuts. Needles and disposable razors Single use Instrument or gloves labeled for one use only, to be discarded after use Stencil Single use paper stencil Sterile gloves Single use that are sterile at time of use, package labels them as sterile Sterilization Process that destroys all forms of microbial life including the most resistant forms (ie bacterial spores by heat, chemicals, or gases) Standard precautions Work practices that require everyone to assume that blood and body fluids are a potential source of infection, independent of perceived risk. Protective barriers and safe workspace practices and safe disposal of body substances and soiled material Tattoo Mark on the body of person made with indelible ink or pigments injected beneath outer layer of skin/ or to make such a mark Tattooist Person who applies tattoo on body of another person Virus Microorganism that is smaller than bacteria and reproduces inside human cells and may cause infection. They can survive for hours or days on inanimate surfaced and can be transferred into the body through abraded skin Documented Risk of Infection Following Tattooing Besides viral diseases HIV HCV and HBV, warts, toxic shock syndrome, tuberculosis, inoculation leprosy, and molluscum contagiousum Skin disorders Body may form bumps called granulomas around tattoo particles especially with red ink, raised excessive scarring (keloids) Shop zones Seperate function specific client zone for tattooing and cleaning sterilizing area with washing sink and holding basins for disinfection and sterilization (once a day on sink) movement of instruments and equipment from dirty to sterile to clean Shop requirements Hot and cold water, hand washing and utility sink, cabinets and storage that is dry and clean, sufficient bench space, public washrooms Instruments Reusable instruments should be smooth, non corrosive, and constructed of heat resistant materials for sterilization ie stainless steel Machines Foot operated, ultrasonic cleaning device to clean instruments does not sterilize or disinfect, prevents injuries with sharp objects Steam or dry heat sterilizer for sterilization No touching of office equipment during treatment procedures, plastic sheath for use of equipment during procedures