Neuropharmacology Exam 3 || with 100% Accurate Solutions.

Norepinephrine synthesis correct answers Tyrosine -> DOPA -> Dopamine -> Norepinephrine Epinephrine synthesis correct answers tyrosine --> dopa --> dopamine --> norepinephrine --> epinephrine Reserpine correct answers Blocks vesicular transporters (reduces DA and NE signaling) AMPT correct answers Inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase (reduces DA and NE signaling) Tolcapone correct answers COMT inhibitor (increases both DA and NE) Epinephrine (E) correct answers adrenaline - mostly a hormone secreted from adrenal glands, less common as a NT - binds adrenergic receptors Norepinephrine (NE) correct answers NT in CNS and autonomic NS, less common as circulating hormone - binds adrenergic receptors Functions of NE correct answers - Wakefulness - Alertness - Concentration - Anxiety Adrenergic Receptors correct answers alpha1: Gq coupled --> smooth muscle contraction, glycogenolysis alpha2: Gi coupled --> Inhibition of noradrenaline release or smooth muscle contraction beta: Gs coupled --> Contraction of cardiac muscle, smooth muscle relaxation, glycogenolysis alpha2-autoreceptors correct answers - These Gi coupled autoreceptors on presynaptic terminals may act to dec presynaptic release probability - So agonists can decrease adrenergic tone but antagonists increase tone Phenylephrine correct answers alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist - Peripheral effects: treats severe hypotension - decongestant: alternative to pseudoephedrine, which is used in methamphetamine manufacture Clonidine correct answers alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist - Peripheral effects: treats severe hypotension due to suppressing sympathetic NS activation centrally - ADHD, reduces panic/anxiety, alleviates opiate withdrawal